Merge pull request #3234 from Carbenium/poly

Rework API of geometry classes

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -6,12 +6,10 @@ configure_file(zm_config_data.h.in "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/zm_config_data.h" @ONLY)
 # Group together all the source files that are used by all the binaries (zmc, zmu, zms etc)
 set(ZM_BIN_SRC_FILES
   zm_analysis_thread.cpp
-  zm_box.cpp
   zm_buffer.cpp
   zm_camera.cpp
   zm_comms.cpp
   zm_config.cpp
-  zm_coord.cpp
   zm_curl_camera.cpp
   zm_crypt.cpp
   zm.cpp

src/zm_box.cpp

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-//
-// ZoneMinder Box Class Implementation, $Date$, $Revision$
-// Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Philip Coombes
-// 
-// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
-// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
-// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-// 
-// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
-//
-
-#include "zm_box.h"
-
-// This section deliberately left blank

src/zm_box.h

@@ -20,49 +20,59 @@
 #ifndef ZM_BOX_H
 #define ZM_BOX_H
 
-#include "zm_coord.h"
+#include "zm_line.h"
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
 #include <cmath>
+#include <vector>
 
 //
 // Class used for storing a box, which is defined as a region
 // defined by two coordinates
 //
 class Box {
-private:
-  Coord lo, hi;
-  Coord size;
-
  public:
-  inline Box() : lo(0,0), hi(0,0), size(0,0) { }
+  Box() = default;
-  explicit inline Box(unsigned int p_size) : lo(0, 0), hi(p_size-1, p_size-1), size(Coord::Range(hi, lo)) { }
+  Box(Vector2 lo, Vector2 hi) : lo_(lo), hi_(hi), size_(hi - lo) {}
-  inline Box( int p_x_size, int p_y_size ) : lo( 0, 0 ), hi ( p_x_size-1, p_y_size-1 ), size( Coord::Range( hi, lo ) ) { }
-  inline Box( int lo_x, int lo_y, int hi_x, int hi_y ) : lo( lo_x, lo_y ), hi( hi_x, hi_y ), size( Coord::Range( hi, lo ) ) { }
-  inline Box( const Coord &p_lo, const Coord &p_hi ) : lo( p_lo ), hi( p_hi ), size( Coord::Range( hi, lo ) ) { }
 
-  inline const Coord &Lo() const { return lo; }
+  const Vector2 &Lo() const { return lo_; }
-  inline int LoX() const { return lo.X(); }
+  const Vector2 &Hi() const { return hi_; }
-  inline int LoX(int p_lo_x) { return lo.X(p_lo_x); }
-  inline int LoY() const { return lo.Y(); }
-  inline int LoY(int p_lo_y) { return lo.Y(p_lo_y); }
-  inline const Coord &Hi() const { return hi; }
-  inline int HiX() const { return hi.X(); }
-  inline int HiX(int p_hi_x) { return hi.X(p_hi_x); }
-  inline int HiY() const { return hi.Y(); }
-  inline int HiY(int p_hi_y) { return hi.Y(p_hi_y); }
-  inline const Coord &Size() const { return size; }
-  inline int Width() const { return size.X(); }
-  inline int Height() const { return size.Y(); }
-  inline int Area() const { return size.X()*size.Y(); }
 
-  inline const Coord Centre() const {
+  const Vector2 &Size() const { return size_; }
-    int mid_x = int(std::round(lo.X()+(size.X()/2.0)));
+  int32 Area() const { return size_.x_ * size_.y_; }
-    int mid_y = int(std::round(lo.Y()+(size.Y()/2.0)));
+
-    return Coord( mid_x, mid_y );
+  Vector2 Centre() const {
+    int32 mid_x = static_cast<int32>(std::lround(lo_.x_ + (size_.x_ / 2.0)));
+    int32 mid_y = static_cast<int32>(std::lround(lo_.y_ + (size_.y_ / 2.0)));
+    return {mid_x, mid_y};
   }
-  inline bool Inside( const Coord &coord ) const
+
-  {
+  // Get vertices of the box in a counter-clockwise order
-    return( coord.X() >= lo.X() && coord.X() <= hi.X() && coord.Y() >= lo.Y() && coord.Y() <= hi.Y() );
+  std::vector<Vector2> Vertices() const {
+    return {lo_, {hi_.x_, lo_.y_}, hi_, {lo_.x_, hi_.y_}};
   }
+
+  // Get edges of the box in a counter-clockwise order
+  std::vector<LineSegment> Edges() const {
+    std::vector<LineSegment> edges;
+    edges.reserve(4);
+
+    std::vector<Vector2> v = Vertices();
+    edges.emplace_back(v[0], v[1]);
+    edges.emplace_back(v[1], v[2]);
+    edges.emplace_back(v[2], v[3]);
+    edges.emplace_back(v[3], v[0]);
+
+    return edges;
+  }
+
+  bool Contains(const Vector2 &coord) const {
+    return (coord.x_ >= lo_.x_ && coord.x_ <= hi_.x_ && coord.y_ >= lo_.y_ && coord.y_ <= hi_.y_);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  Vector2 lo_;
+  Vector2 hi_;
+  Vector2 size_;
 };
 
 #endif // ZM_BOX_H

src/zm_coord.cpp

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-//
-// ZoneMinder Coordinate Class Implementation, $Date$, $Revision$
-// Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Philip Coombes
-// 
-// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
-// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
-// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-// 
-// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
-// 
-
-#include "zm_coord.h"
-
-// This section deliberately left blank

src/zm_coord.h

@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-//
-// ZoneMinder Coordinate Class Interface, $Date$, $Revision$
-// Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Philip Coombes
-// 
-// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
-// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
-// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-// 
-// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-// GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
-// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
-// 
-
-#ifndef ZM_COORD_H
-#define ZM_COORD_H
-
-#include "zm_define.h"
-
-//
-// Class used for storing an x,y pair, i.e. a coordinate
-//
-class Coord {
-private:
-  int x, y;
-
-public:
-  inline Coord() : x(0), y(0) { }
-  inline Coord( int p_x, int p_y ) : x(p_x), y(p_y) { }
-  inline Coord( const Coord &p_coord ) : x(p_coord.x), y(p_coord.y) { }
-  inline Coord &operator =( const Coord &coord ) {
-    x = coord.x;
-    y = coord.y;
-    return *this;
-  }
-  inline int &X(int p_x) { x=p_x; return x; }
-  inline const int &X() const { return x; }
-  inline int &Y(int p_y) { y=p_y; return y; }
-  inline const int &Y() const { return y; }
-
-  inline static Coord Range( const Coord &coord1, const Coord &coord2 ) {
-    Coord result( (coord1.x-coord2.x)+1, (coord1.y-coord2.y)+1 );
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  inline bool operator==( const Coord &coord ) const { return( x == coord.x && y == coord.y ); }
-  inline bool operator!=( const Coord &coord ) const { return( x != coord.x || y != coord.y ); }
-  inline bool operator>( const Coord &coord ) const { return( x > coord.x && y > coord.y ); }
-  inline bool operator>=( const Coord &coord ) const { return( !(operator<(coord)) ); }
-  inline bool operator<( const Coord &coord ) const { return( x < coord.x && y < coord.y ); }
-  inline bool operator<=( const Coord &coord ) const { return( !(operator>(coord)) ); }
-  inline Coord &operator+=( const Coord &coord ) { x += coord.x; y += coord.y; return( *this ); }
-  inline Coord &operator-=( const Coord &coord ) { x -= coord.x; y -= coord.y; return( *this ); }
-
-  inline friend Coord operator+( const Coord &coord1, const Coord &coord2 ) { Coord result( coord1 ); result += coord2; return( result ); }
-  inline friend Coord operator-( const Coord &coord1, const Coord &coord2 ) { Coord result( coord1 ); result -= coord2; return( result ); }
-};
-
-#endif // ZM_COORD_H

src/zm_define.h

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <cinttypes>
+#include <cstddef>
 
 typedef std::int64_t int64;
 typedef std::int32_t int32;

src/zm_event.cpp

@@ -473,10 +473,10 @@ void Event::WriteDbFrames() {
             stats.alarm_blobs_,
             stats.min_blob_size_,
             stats.max_blob_size_,
-            stats.alarm_box_.LoX(),
+            stats.alarm_box_.Lo().x_,
-            stats.alarm_box_.LoY(),
+            stats.alarm_box_.Lo().y_,
-            stats.alarm_box_.HiX(),
+            stats.alarm_box_.Hi().x_,
-            stats.alarm_box_.HiY(),
+            stats.alarm_box_.Hi().y_,
             stats.score_);
       }  // end foreach zone stats
     }  // end if recording stats

src/zm_image.cpp

@@ -820,10 +820,10 @@ Image *Image::HighlightEdges(
   /* Set image to all black */
   high_image->Clear();
 
-  unsigned int lo_x = limits ? limits->Lo().X() : 0;
+  unsigned int lo_x = limits ? limits->Lo().x_ : 0;
-  unsigned int lo_y = limits ? limits->Lo().Y() : 0;
+  unsigned int lo_y = limits ? limits->Lo().y_ : 0;
-  unsigned int hi_x = limits ? limits->Hi().X() : width-1;
+  unsigned int hi_x = limits ? limits->Hi().x_ : width - 1;
-  unsigned int hi_y = limits ? limits->Hi().Y() : height-1;
+  unsigned int hi_y = limits ? limits->Hi().y_ : height - 1;
 
   if ( p_colours == ZM_COLOUR_GRAY8 ) {
     for ( unsigned int y = lo_y; y <= hi_y; y++ ) {
@@ -1508,7 +1508,7 @@ bool Image::Crop( unsigned int lo_x, unsigned int lo_y, unsigned int hi_x, unsig
 }
 
 bool Image::Crop(const Box &limits) {
-  return Crop(limits.LoX(), limits.LoY(), limits.HiX(), limits.HiY());
+  return Crop(limits.Lo().x_, limits.Lo().y_, limits.Hi().x_, limits.Hi().y_);
 }
 
 /* Far from complete */
@@ -1932,7 +1932,7 @@ void Image::Delta(const Image &image, Image* targetimage) const {
 #endif
 }
 
-const Coord Image::centreCoord( const char *text, int size=1 ) const {
+const Vector2 Image::centreCoord(const char *text, int size = 1) const {
   int index = 0;
   int line_no = 0;
   int text_len = strlen(text);
@@ -1957,7 +1957,7 @@ const Coord Image::centreCoord( const char *text, int size=1 ) const {
   uint16_t char_height = font_variant.GetCharHeight();
   int x = (width - (max_line_len * char_width )) / 2;
   int y = (height - (line_no * char_height) ) / 2;
-  return Coord(x, y);
+  return {x, y};
 }
 
 /* RGB32 compatible: complete */
@@ -2007,7 +2007,7 @@ https://lemire.me/blog/2018/02/21/iterating-over-set-bits-quickly/
 */
 void Image::Annotate(
     const std::string &text,
-    const Coord &coord,
+    const Vector2 &coord,
     const uint8 size,
     const Rgb fg_colour,
     const Rgb bg_colour) {
@@ -2031,8 +2031,8 @@ void Image::Annotate(
 
   // Calculate initial coordinates of annotation so that everything is displayed even if the
   // user set coordinates would prevent that.
-  uint32 x0 = ZM::clamp(static_cast<uint32>(coord.X()), 0u, x0_max);
+  uint32 x0 = ZM::clamp(static_cast<uint32>(coord.x_), 0u, x0_max);
-  uint32 y0 = ZM::clamp(static_cast<uint32>(coord.Y()), 0u, y0_max);
+  uint32 y0 = ZM::clamp(static_cast<uint32>(coord.y_), 0u, y0_max);
 
   uint32 y = y0;
   for (const std::string &line : lines) {
@@ -2127,7 +2127,7 @@ void Image::Annotate(
   }
 }
 
-void Image::Timestamp( const char *label, const time_t when, const Coord &coord, const int size ) {
+void Image::Timestamp(const char *label, const time_t when, const Vector2 &coord, const int size) {
   char time_text[64];
   tm when_tm = {};
   strftime(time_text, sizeof(time_text), "%y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S", localtime_r(&when, &when_tm));
@@ -2294,10 +2294,10 @@ void Image::Fill( Rgb colour, const Box *limits ) {
   /* Convert the colour's RGBA subpixel order into the image's subpixel order */
   colour = rgb_convert(colour,subpixelorder);
 
-  unsigned int lo_x = limits?limits->Lo().X():0;
+  unsigned int lo_x = limits ? limits->Lo().x_ : 0;
-  unsigned int lo_y = limits?limits->Lo().Y():0;
+  unsigned int lo_y = limits ? limits->Lo().y_ : 0;
-  unsigned int hi_x = limits?limits->Hi().X():width-1;
+  unsigned int hi_x = limits ? limits->Hi().x_ : width - 1;
-  unsigned int hi_y = limits?limits->Hi().Y():height-1;
+  unsigned int hi_y = limits ? limits->Hi().y_ : height - 1;
   if ( colours == ZM_COLOUR_GRAY8 ) {
     for ( unsigned int y = lo_y; y <= hi_y; y++ ) {
       unsigned char *p = &buffer[(y*width)+lo_x];
@@ -2339,10 +2339,10 @@ void Image::Fill( Rgb colour, int density, const Box *limits ) {
   /* Convert the colour's RGBA subpixel order into the image's subpixel order */
   colour = rgb_convert(colour, subpixelorder);
 
-  unsigned int lo_x = limits?limits->Lo().X():0;
+  unsigned int lo_x = limits ? limits->Lo().x_ : 0;
-  unsigned int lo_y = limits?limits->Lo().Y():0;
+  unsigned int lo_y = limits ? limits->Lo().y_ : 0;
-  unsigned int hi_x = limits?limits->Hi().X():width-1;
+  unsigned int hi_x = limits ? limits->Hi().x_ : width - 1;
-  unsigned int hi_y = limits?limits->Hi().Y():height-1;
+  unsigned int hi_y = limits ? limits->Hi().y_ : height - 1;
   if ( colours == ZM_COLOUR_GRAY8 ) {
     for ( unsigned int y = lo_y; y <= hi_y; y++ ) {
       unsigned char *p = &buffer[(y*width)+lo_x];
@@ -2384,15 +2384,16 @@ void Image::Outline( Rgb colour, const Polygon &polygon ) {
   /* Convert the colour's RGBA subpixel order into the image's subpixel order */
   colour = rgb_convert(colour, subpixelorder);
 
-  int n_coords = polygon.getNumCoords();
+  size_t n_coords = polygon.GetVertices().size();
-  for ( int j = 0, i = n_coords-1; j < n_coords; i = j++ ) {
+  for (size_t j = 0, i = n_coords - 1; j < n_coords; i = j++) {
-    const Coord &p1 = polygon.getCoord( i );
+    const Vector2 &p1 = polygon.GetVertices()[i];
-    const Coord &p2 = polygon.getCoord( j );
+    const Vector2 &p2 = polygon.GetVertices()[j];
 
-    int x1 = p1.X();
+    // The last pixel we can draw is width/height - 1. Clamp to that value.
-    int x2 = p2.X();
+    int x1 = ZM::clamp(p1.x_, 0, static_cast<int>(width - 1));
-    int y1 = p1.Y();
+    int x2 = ZM::clamp(p2.x_, 0, static_cast<int>(width - 1));
-    int y2 = p2.Y();
+    int y1 = ZM::clamp(p1.y_, 0, static_cast<int>(height - 1));
+    int y2 = ZM::clamp(p2.y_, 0, static_cast<int>(height - 1));
 
     double dx = x2 - x1;
     double dy = y2 - y1;
@@ -2466,17 +2467,17 @@ void Image::Fill(Rgb colour, int density, const Polygon &polygon) {
   /* Convert the colour's RGBA subpixel order into the image's subpixel order */
   colour = rgb_convert(colour, subpixelorder);
 
-  int n_coords = polygon.getNumCoords();
+  size_t n_coords = polygon.GetVertices().size();
   int n_global_edges = 0;
   Edge global_edges[n_coords];
-  for ( int j = 0, i = n_coords-1; j < n_coords; i = j++ ) {
+  for (size_t j = 0, i = n_coords - 1; j < n_coords; i = j++) {
-    const Coord &p1 = polygon.getCoord(i);
+    const Vector2 &p1 = polygon.GetVertices()[i];
-    const Coord &p2 = polygon.getCoord(j);
+    const Vector2 &p2 = polygon.GetVertices()[j];
 
-    int x1 = p1.X();
+    int x1 = p1.x_;
-    int x2 = p2.X();
+    int x2 = p2.x_;
-    int y1 = p1.Y();
+    int y1 = p1.y_;
-    int y2 = p2.Y();
+    int y2 = p2.y_;
 
     //Debug( 9, "x1:%d,y1:%d x2:%d,y2:%d", x1, y1, x2, y2 );
     if ( y1 == y2 )
@@ -2511,8 +2512,7 @@ void Image::Fill(Rgb colour, int density, const Polygon &polygon) {
         Debug(9, "Moving global edge");
         active_edges[n_active_edges++] = global_edges[i];
         if ( i < (n_global_edges-1) ) {
-          //memcpy( &global_edges[i], &global_edges[i+1], sizeof(*global_edges)*(n_global_edges-i) );
+          memmove(&global_edges[i], &global_edges[i + 1], sizeof(*global_edges) * (n_global_edges - i - 1));
-          memmove( &global_edges[i], &global_edges[i+1], sizeof(*global_edges)*(n_global_edges-i) );
           i--;
         }
         n_global_edges--;

src/zm_image.h

@@ -20,19 +20,18 @@
 #ifndef ZM_IMAGE_H
 #define ZM_IMAGE_H
 
-#include "zm_coord.h"
 #include "zm_ffmpeg.h"
 #include "zm_jpeg.h"
 #include "zm_logger.h"
 #include "zm_mem_utils.h"
 #include "zm_rgb.h"
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
 
 #if HAVE_ZLIB_H
 #include <zlib.h>
 #endif // HAVE_ZLIB_H
 
 class Box;
-class Image;
 class Polygon;
 
 #define ZM_BUFTYPE_DONTFREE 0
@@ -96,24 +95,6 @@ class Image {
     void update_function_pointers();
 
   protected:
-    struct Edge {
-      int min_y;
-      int max_y;
-      double min_x;
-      double _1_m;
-
-      static bool CompareYX(const Edge &e1, const Edge &e2) {
-        if ( e1.min_y == e2.min_y )
-          return e1.min_x < e2.min_x;
-        return e1.min_y < e2.min_y;
-      }
-
-      static bool CompareX(const Edge &e1, const Edge &e2) {
-        return e1.min_x < e2.min_x;
-      }
-    };
-	
-
     inline void AllocImgBuffer(size_t p_bufsize) {
       if ( buffer )
         DumpImgBuffer();
@@ -280,16 +261,16 @@ class Image {
     //Image *Delta( const Image &image ) const;
     void Delta( const Image &image, Image* targetimage) const;
 
-    const Coord centreCoord(const char *text, const int size) const;
+    const Vector2 centreCoord(const char *text, const int size) const;
     void MaskPrivacy( const unsigned char *p_bitmask, const Rgb pixel_colour=0x00222222 );
     void Annotate(const std::string &text,
-                const Coord &coord,
+                const Vector2 &coord,
                 uint8 size = 1,
                 Rgb fg_colour = kRGBWhite,
                 Rgb bg_colour = kRGBBlack);
     Image *HighlightEdges( Rgb colour, unsigned int p_colours, unsigned int p_subpixelorder, const Box *limits=0 );
     //Image *HighlightEdges( Rgb colour, const Polygon &polygon );
-    void Timestamp( const char *label, const time_t when, const Coord &coord, const int size );
+    void Timestamp(const char *label, const time_t when, const Vector2 &coord, const int size);
     void Colourise(const unsigned int p_reqcolours, const unsigned int p_reqsubpixelorder);
     void DeColourise();
 

src/zm_line.h

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the ZoneMinder Project. See AUTHORS file for Copyright information
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ZONEMINDER_SRC_ZM_LINE_H_
+#define ZONEMINDER_SRC_ZM_LINE_H_
+
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
+
+// Represents a part of a line bounded by two end points
+class LineSegment {
+ public:
+  LineSegment(Vector2 start, Vector2 end) : start_(start), end_(end) {}
+
+ public:
+  Vector2 start_;
+  Vector2 end_;
+};
+
+// Represents an infinite line
+class Line {
+ public:
+  Line(Vector2 p1, Vector2 p2) : position_(p1), direction_(p2 - p1) {}
+  explicit Line(LineSegment segment) : Line(segment.start_, segment.end_) {};
+
+  bool IsPointLeftOfOrColinear(Vector2 p) const {
+    int32 det = direction_.Determinant(p - position_);
+
+    return det >= 0;
+  }
+
+  Vector2 Intersection(Line const &line) const {
+    int32 det = direction_.Determinant(line.direction_);
+
+    if (det == 0) {
+      // lines are parallel or overlap, no intersection
+      return Vector2::Inf();
+    }
+
+    Vector2 c = line.position_ - position_;
+    double t = c.Determinant(line.direction_) / static_cast<double>(det);
+
+    return position_ + direction_ * t;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  Vector2 position_;
+  Vector2 direction_;
+};
+
+#endif //ZONEMINDER_SRC_ZM_LINE_H_

src/zm_monitor.cpp

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ Monitor::Monitor()
   record_audio(0),
 //event_prefix
 //label_format
-  label_coord(Coord(0,0)),
+  label_coord(Vector2(0,0)),
   label_size(0),
   image_buffer_count(0),
   max_image_buffer_count(0),
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ void Monitor::Load(MYSQL_ROW dbrow, bool load_zones=true, Purpose p = QUERY) {
   /* "EventPrefix, LabelFormat, LabelX, LabelY, LabelSize," */
   event_prefix = dbrow[col] ? dbrow[col] : ""; col++;
   label_format = dbrow[col] ? ReplaceAll(dbrow[col], "\\n", "\n") : ""; col++;
-  label_coord = Coord(atoi(dbrow[col]), atoi(dbrow[col+1])); col += 2;
+  label_coord = Vector2(atoi(dbrow[col]), atoi(dbrow[col + 1])); col += 2;
   label_size = atoi(dbrow[col]); col++;
 
   /* "ImageBufferCount, `MaxImageBufferCount`, WarmupCount, PreEventCount, PostEventCount, StreamReplayBuffer, AlarmFrameCount, " */
@@ -1481,12 +1481,18 @@ void Monitor::DumpZoneImage(const char *zone_string) {
     zone_image->Colourise(ZM_COLOUR_RGB24, ZM_SUBPIX_ORDER_RGB);
   }
 
+  extra_zone.Clip(Box(
+      {0, 0},
+      {static_cast<int32>(zone_image->Width()), static_cast<int32>(zone_image->Height())}
+  ));
+
   for (const Zone &zone : zones) {
-    if ( exclude_id && (!extra_colour || extra_zone.getNumCoords()) && zone.Id() == exclude_id )
+    if (exclude_id && (!extra_colour || !extra_zone.GetVertices().empty()) && zone.Id() == exclude_id) {
       continue;
+    }
 
     Rgb colour;
-    if ( exclude_id && !extra_zone.getNumCoords() && zone.Id() == exclude_id ) {
+    if (exclude_id && extra_zone.GetVertices().empty() && zone.Id() == exclude_id) {
       colour = extra_colour;
     } else {
       if (zone.IsActive()) {
@@ -1505,7 +1511,7 @@ void Monitor::DumpZoneImage(const char *zone_string) {
     zone_image->Outline(colour, zone.GetPolygon());
   }
 
-  if ( extra_zone.getNumCoords() ) {
+  if (!extra_zone.GetVertices().empty()) {
     zone_image->Fill(extra_colour, 2, extra_zone);
     zone_image->Outline(extra_colour, extra_zone);
   }
@@ -1544,9 +1550,10 @@ bool Monitor::CheckSignal(const Image *image) {
       if ( !config.timestamp_on_capture || !label_format[0] )
         break;
       // Avoid sampling the rows with timestamp in
-      if ( index < (label_coord.Y()*width) || index >= (label_coord.Y()+Image::LINE_HEIGHT)*width )
+      if (index < (label_coord.y_ * width) || index >= (label_coord.y_ + Image::LINE_HEIGHT) * width) {
         break;
       }
+    }
 
     if ( colours == ZM_COLOUR_GRAY8 ) {
       if ( *(buffer+index) != grayscale_val )
@@ -2832,7 +2839,7 @@ unsigned int Monitor::DetectMotion(const Image &comp_image, Event::StringSet &zo
     } // end if CheckAlarms
   } // end foreach zone
 
-  Coord alarm_centre;
+  Vector2 alarm_centre;
   int top_score = -1;
 
   if (alarm) {
@@ -2898,8 +2905,8 @@ unsigned int Monitor::DetectMotion(const Image &comp_image, Event::StringSet &zo
   } // end if alarm
 
   if (top_score > 0) {
-    shared_data->alarm_x = alarm_centre.X();
+    shared_data->alarm_x = alarm_centre.x_;
-    shared_data->alarm_y = alarm_centre.Y();
+    shared_data->alarm_y = alarm_centre.y_;
 
     Info("Got alarm centre at %d,%d, at count %d",
         shared_data->alarm_x, shared_data->alarm_y, analysis_image_count);
@@ -2954,7 +2961,7 @@ bool Monitor::DumpSettings(char *output, bool verbose) {
   sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Subpixel Order : %u\n", camera->SubpixelOrder() );
   sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Event Prefix : %s\n", event_prefix.c_str() );
   sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Label Format : %s\n", label_format.c_str() );
-  sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Label Coord : %d,%d\n", label_coord.X(), label_coord.Y() );
+  sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Label Coord : %d,%d\n", label_coord.x_, label_coord.y_ );
   sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Label Size : %d\n", label_size );
   sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Image Buffer Count : %d\n", image_buffer_count );
   sprintf(output+strlen(output), "Warmup Count : %d\n", warmup_count );

src/zm_monitor.h

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ protected:
 
   std::string     event_prefix;    // The prefix applied to event names as they are created
   std::string     label_format;    // The format of the timestamp on the images
-  Coord      label_coord;      // The coordinates of the timestamp on the images
+  Vector2      label_coord;      // The coordinates of the timestamp on the images
   int        label_size;         // Size of the timestamp on the images
   int32_t    image_buffer_count;        // Size of circular image buffer, kept in /dev/shm
   int32_t    max_image_buffer_count;    // Max # of video packets to keep in packet queue

src/zm_poly.cpp

@@ -19,91 +19,103 @@
 
 #include "zm_poly.h"
 
+#include "zm_line.h"
 #include <cmath>
 
-void Polygon::calcArea() {
+Polygon::Polygon(std::vector<Vector2> vertices) : vertices_(std::move(vertices)), area(0) {
-  double float_area = 0.0L;
+  UpdateExtent();
-  for ( int i = 0, j = n_coords-1; i < n_coords; j = i++ ) {
+  UpdateArea();
-    double trap_area = ((coords[i].X()-coords[j].X())*((coords[i].Y()+coords[j].Y())))/2.0L;
+  UpdateCentre();
-    float_area += trap_area;
-    //printf( "%.2f (%.2f)\n", float_area, trap_area );
-  }
-  area = (int)round(fabs(float_area));
 }
 
-void Polygon::calcCentre() {
+void Polygon::UpdateExtent() {
-  if ( !area && n_coords )
+  if (vertices_.empty())
-    calcArea();
+    return;
-  double float_x = 0.0L, float_y = 0.0L;
+
-  for ( int i = 0, j = n_coords-1; i < n_coords; j = i++ ) {
+  int min_x = vertices_[0].x_;
-    float_x += ((coords[i].Y()-coords[j].Y())*((coords[i].X()*2)+(coords[i].X()*coords[j].X())+(coords[j].X()*2)));
+  int max_x = 0;
-    float_y += ((coords[j].X()-coords[i].X())*((coords[i].Y()*2)+(coords[i].Y()*coords[j].Y())+(coords[j].Y()*2)));
+  int min_y = vertices_[0].y_;
+  int max_y = 0;
+  for (const Vector2 &vertex : vertices_) {
+    min_x = std::min(min_x, vertex.x_);
+    max_x = std::max(max_x, vertex.x_);
+    min_y = std::min(min_y, vertex.y_);
+    max_y = std::max(max_y, vertex.y_);
+  }
+
+  extent = Box({min_x, min_y}, {max_x, max_y});
+}
+
+void Polygon::UpdateArea() {
+  double float_area = 0.0;
+  for (size_t i = 0, j = vertices_.size() - 1; i < vertices_.size(); j = i++) {
+    double trap_area = ((vertices_[i].x_ - vertices_[j].x_) * ((vertices_[i].y_ + vertices_[j].y_))) / 2.0;
+    float_area += trap_area;
+  }
+
+  area = static_cast<int32>(std::lround(std::fabs(float_area)));
+}
+
+void Polygon::UpdateCentre() {
+  if (!area && !vertices_.empty())
+    UpdateArea();
+
+  double float_x = 0.0;
+  double float_y = 0.0;
+  for (size_t i = 0, j = vertices_.size() - 1; i < vertices_.size(); j = i++) {
+    float_x += ((vertices_[i].y_ - vertices_[j].y_)
+        * ((vertices_[i].x_ * 2) + (vertices_[i].x_ * vertices_[j].x_) + (vertices_[j].x_ * 2)));
+    float_y += ((vertices_[j].x_ - vertices_[i].x_)
+        * ((vertices_[i].y_ * 2) + (vertices_[i].y_ * vertices_[j].y_) + (vertices_[j].y_ * 2)));
   }
   float_x /= (6 * area);
   float_y /= (6 * area);
-  centre = Coord( (int)round(float_x), (int)round(float_y) );
+
+  centre = Vector2(static_cast<int32>(std::lround(float_x)), static_cast<int32>(std::lround(float_y)));
 }
 
-Polygon::Polygon(int p_n_coords, const Coord *p_coords) : n_coords(p_n_coords) {
+bool Polygon::Contains(const Vector2 &coord) const {
-  coords = new Coord[n_coords];
-
-  int min_x = -1;
-  int max_x = -1;
-  int min_y = -1;
-  int max_y = -1;
-  for ( int i = 0; i < n_coords; i++ ) {
-    coords[i] = p_coords[i];
-    if ( min_x == -1 || coords[i].X() < min_x )
-      min_x = coords[i].X();
-    if ( max_x == -1 || coords[i].X() > max_x )
-      max_x = coords[i].X();
-    if ( min_y == -1 || coords[i].Y() < min_y )
-      min_y = coords[i].Y();
-    if ( max_y == -1 || coords[i].Y() > max_y )
-      max_y = coords[i].Y();
-  }
-  extent = Box( min_x, min_y, max_x, max_y );
-  calcArea();
-  calcCentre();
-}
-
-Polygon::Polygon(const Polygon &p_polygon) :
-  n_coords(p_polygon.n_coords),
-  extent(p_polygon.extent),
-  area(p_polygon.area),
-  centre(p_polygon.centre)
-{
-  coords = new Coord[n_coords];
-  for( int i = 0; i < n_coords; i++ ) {
-    coords[i] = p_polygon.coords[i];
-  }
-}
-
-Polygon &Polygon::operator=(const Polygon &p_polygon) {
-  n_coords = p_polygon.n_coords;
-
-  Coord *new_coords = new Coord[n_coords];
-  for (int i = 0; i < n_coords; i++) {
-    new_coords[i] = p_polygon.coords[i];
-  }
-  delete[] coords;
-  coords = new_coords;
-
-  extent = p_polygon.extent;
-  area = p_polygon.area;
-  centre = p_polygon.centre;
-  return *this;
-}
-
-bool Polygon::isInside( const Coord &coord ) const {
   bool inside = false;
-  for ( int i = 0, j = n_coords-1; i < n_coords; j = i++ ) {
+  for (size_t i = 0, j = vertices_.size() - 1; i < vertices_.size(); j = i++) {
-    if ( (((coords[i].Y() <= coord.Y()) && (coord.Y() < coords[j].Y()) )
+    if ((((vertices_[i].y_ <= coord.y_) && (coord.y_ < vertices_[j].y_)) || ((vertices_[j].y_ <= coord.y_) && (coord.y_ < vertices_[i].y_)))
-    || ((coords[j].Y() <= coord.Y()) && (coord.Y() < coords[i].Y())))
+    && (coord.x_ < (vertices_[j].x_ - vertices_[i].x_) * (coord.y_ - vertices_[i].y_) / (vertices_[j].y_ - vertices_[i].y_) + vertices_[i].x_)) {
-    && (coord.X() < (coords[j].X() - coords[i].X()) * (coord.Y() - coords[i].Y()) / (coords[j].Y() - coords[i].Y()) + coords[i].X()))
-    {
       inside = !inside;
     }
   }
   return inside;
 }
+
+// Clip the polygon to a rectangular boundary box using the Sutherland-Hodgman algorithm
+void Polygon::Clip(const Box &boundary) {
+  std::vector<Vector2> clipped_vertices = vertices_;
+
+  for (LineSegment const &clip_edge : boundary.Edges()) {
+    // convert our line segment to an infinite line
+    Line clip_line = Line(clip_edge);
+
+    std::vector<Vector2> to_clip = clipped_vertices;
+    clipped_vertices.clear();
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < to_clip.size(); ++i) {
+      Vector2 vert1 = to_clip[i];
+      Vector2 vert2 = to_clip[(i + 1) % to_clip.size()];
+
+      bool vert1_left = clip_line.IsPointLeftOfOrColinear(vert1);
+      bool vert2_left = clip_line.IsPointLeftOfOrColinear(vert2);
+
+      if (vert2_left) {
+        if (!vert1_left) {
+          clipped_vertices.push_back(Line(vert1, vert2).Intersection(clip_line));
+        }
+        clipped_vertices.push_back(vert2);
+      } else if (vert1_left) {
+        clipped_vertices.push_back(Line(vert1, vert2).Intersection(clip_line));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  vertices_ = clipped_vertices;
+  UpdateExtent();
+  UpdateArea();
+  UpdateCentre();
+}

src/zm_poly.h

@@ -21,96 +21,53 @@
 #define ZM_POLY_H
 
 #include "zm_box.h"
+#include <vector>
 
-class Coord;
-
-//
-// Class used for storing a box, which is defined as a region
-// defined by two coordinates
-//
-class Polygon {
-protected:
 struct Edge {
   int min_y;
   int max_y;
   double min_x;
   double _1_m;
 
-    static int CompareYX( const void *p1, const void *p2 ) {
+  static bool CompareYX(const Edge &e1, const Edge &e2) {
-        const Edge *e1 = reinterpret_cast<const Edge *>(p1), *e2 = reinterpret_cast<const Edge *>(p2);
+    if (e1.min_y == e2.min_y)
-      if ( e1->min_y == e2->min_y )
+      return e1.min_x < e2.min_x;
-        return int(e1->min_x - e2->min_x);
+    return e1.min_y < e2.min_y;
-      else
-        return int(e1->min_y - e2->min_y);
   }
-    static int CompareX( const void *p1, const void *p2 ) {
+
-      const Edge *e1 = reinterpret_cast<const Edge *>(p1), *e2 = reinterpret_cast<const Edge *>(p2);
+  static bool CompareX(const Edge &e1, const Edge &e2) {
-      return int(e1->min_x - e2->min_x);
+    return e1.min_x < e2.min_x;
   }
 };
 
-  struct Slice {
+// This class represents convex or concave non-self-intersecting polygons.
-    int min_x;
+class Polygon {
-    int max_x;
-    int n_edges;
-    int *edges;
-
-    Slice() {
-      min_x = 0;
-      max_x = 0;
-      n_edges = 0;
-      edges = nullptr;
-    }
-    ~Slice() {
-      delete edges;
-    }
-  };
-
-protected:
-  int n_coords;
-  Coord *coords;
-  Box extent;
-  int area;
-  Coord centre;
-
-protected:
-  void initialiseEdges();
-  void calcArea();
-  void calcCentre();
-
  public:
-  inline Polygon() : n_coords(0), coords(nullptr), area(0) {
+  Polygon() : area(0) {}
-  }
+  explicit Polygon(std::vector<Vector2> vertices);
-  Polygon(int p_n_coords, const Coord *p_coords);
+
-  Polygon(const Polygon &p_polygon);
+  const std::vector<Vector2> &GetVertices() const {
-  ~Polygon() {
+    return vertices_;
-    delete[] coords;
   }
 
-  Polygon &operator=( const Polygon &p_polygon );
+  const Box &Extent() const { return extent; }
+  int32 Area() const { return area; }
+  const Vector2 &Centre() const { return centre; }
 
-  inline int getNumCoords() const { return n_coords; }
+  bool Contains(const Vector2 &coord) const;
-  inline const Coord &getCoord( int index ) const {
-    return coords[index];
-  }
 
-  inline const Box &Extent() const { return extent; }
+  void Clip(const Box &boundary);
-  inline int LoX() const { return extent.LoX(); }
-  inline int LoX(int p_lo_x) { return extent.LoX(p_lo_x); }
-  inline int HiX() const { return extent.HiX(); }
-  inline int HiX(int p_hi_x) { return extent.HiX(p_hi_x); }
-  inline int LoY() const { return extent.LoY(); }
-  inline int LoY(int p_lo_y) { return extent.LoY(p_lo_y); }
-  inline int HiY() const { return extent.HiY(); }
-  inline int HiY(int p_hi_y) { return extent.HiY(p_hi_y); }
-  inline int Width() const { return extent.Width(); }
-  inline int Height() const { return extent.Height(); }
 
-  inline int Area() const { return area; }
+ private:
-  inline const Coord &Centre() const {
+  void UpdateExtent();
-    return centre;
+  void UpdateArea();
-  }
+  void UpdateCentre();
-  bool isInside( const Coord &coord ) const;
+
+ private:
+  std::vector<Vector2> vertices_;
+  Box extent;
+  int32 area;
+  Vector2 centre;
 };
 
 #endif // ZM_POLY_H

src/zm_stream.cpp

@@ -204,9 +204,9 @@ Image *StreamBase::prepareImage(Image *image) {
         last_crop = Box();
 
       // Recalculate crop parameters, as %ges
-      int click_x = (last_crop.LoX() * 100 ) / last_act_image_width; // Initial crop offset from last image
+      int click_x = (last_crop.Lo().x_ * 100) / last_act_image_width; // Initial crop offset from last image
       click_x += (x * 100) / last_virt_image_width;
-      int click_y = (last_crop.LoY() * 100 ) / last_act_image_height; // Initial crop offset from last image
+      int click_y = (last_crop.Lo().y_ * 100) / last_act_image_height; // Initial crop offset from last image
       click_y += (y * 100) / last_virt_image_height;
       Debug(3, "Got adjusted click at %d%%,%d%%", click_x, click_y);
 
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ Image *StreamBase::prepareImage(Image *image) {
         hi_y = act_image_height - 1;
         lo_y = hi_y - (send_image_height - 1);
       }
-      last_crop = Box( lo_x, lo_y, hi_x, hi_y );
+      last_crop = Box({lo_x, lo_y}, {hi_x, hi_y});
     }  // end if ( mag != last_mag || x != last_x || y != last_y )
 
-    Debug(3, "Cropping to %d,%d -> %d,%d", last_crop.LoX(), last_crop.LoY(), last_crop.HiX(), last_crop.HiY());
+    Debug(3, "Cropping to %d,%d -> %d,%d", last_crop.Lo().x_, last_crop.Lo().y_, last_crop.Hi().x_, last_crop.Hi().y_);
     if ( !image_copied ) {
       static Image copy_image;
       copy_image.Assign(*image);

src/zm_vector2.h

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+//
+// ZoneMinder Coordinate Class Interface, $Date$, $Revision$
+// Copyright (C) 2001-2008 Philip Coombes
+// 
+// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
+// as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
+// of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+// 
+// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+// 
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+// Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+// 
+
+#ifndef ZM_VECTOR2_H
+#define ZM_VECTOR2_H
+
+#include "zm_define.h"
+#include <cmath>
+#include <limits>
+
+//
+// Class used for storing an x,y pair, i.e. a coordinate/vector
+//
+class Vector2 {
+ public:
+  Vector2() : x_(0), y_(0) {}
+  Vector2(int32 x, int32 y) : x_(x), y_(y) {}
+
+  static Vector2 Inf() {
+    static const Vector2 inf = {std::numeric_limits<int32>::max(), std::numeric_limits<int32>::max()};
+    return inf;
+  }
+
+  bool operator==(const Vector2 &rhs) const { return (x_ == rhs.x_ && y_ == rhs.y_); }
+  bool operator!=(const Vector2 &rhs) const { return (x_ != rhs.x_ || y_ != rhs.y_); }
+
+  // These operators are not idiomatic. If lexicographic comparison is needed, it should be implemented separately.
+  bool operator>(const Vector2 &rhs) const = delete;
+  bool operator>=(const Vector2 &rhs) const = delete;
+  bool operator<(const Vector2 &rhs) const = delete;
+  bool operator<=(const Vector2 &rhs) const = delete;
+
+  Vector2 operator+(const Vector2 &rhs) const {
+    return {x_ + rhs.x_, y_ + rhs.y_};
+  }
+  Vector2 operator-(const Vector2 &rhs) const {
+    return {x_ - rhs.x_, y_ - rhs.y_};
+  }
+  Vector2 operator*(double rhs) const {
+    return {static_cast<int32>(std::lround(x_ * rhs)), static_cast<int32>(std::lround(y_ * rhs))};
+  }
+
+  Vector2 &operator+=(const Vector2 &rhs) {
+    x_ += rhs.x_;
+    y_ += rhs.y_;
+    return *this;
+  }
+  Vector2 &operator-=(const Vector2 &rhs) {
+    x_ -= rhs.x_;
+    y_ -= rhs.y_;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  // Calculated the determinant of the 2x2 matrix as given by [[x_, y_], [v.x_y, v.y_]]
+  int32 Determinant(Vector2 const &v) const {
+    return (x_ * v.y_) - (y_ * v.x_);
+  }
+
+ public:
+  int32 x_;
+  int32 y_;
+};
+
+#endif // ZM_VECTOR2_H

src/zm_zone.cpp

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ void Zone::Setup(
   int p_max_pixel_threshold,
   int p_min_alarm_pixels,
   int p_max_alarm_pixels,
-  const Coord &p_filter_box,
+  const Vector2 &p_filter_box,
   int p_min_filter_pixels,
   int p_max_filter_pixels,
   int p_min_blob_pixels,
@@ -130,10 +130,10 @@ void Zone::RecordStats(const Event *event) {
       stats.alarm_blobs_,
       stats.min_blob_size_,
       stats.max_blob_size_,
-      stats.alarm_box_.LoX(),
+      stats.alarm_box_.Lo().x_,
-      stats.alarm_box_.LoY(),
+      stats.alarm_box_.Lo().y_,
-      stats.alarm_box_.HiX(),
+      stats.alarm_box_.Hi().x_,
-      stats.alarm_box_.HiY(),
+      stats.alarm_box_.Hi().y_,
       stats.score_
       );
   zmDbDo(sql);
@@ -219,10 +219,10 @@ bool Zone::CheckAlarms(const Image *delta_image) {
   int alarm_mid_x = -1;
   int alarm_mid_y = -1;
 
-  unsigned int lo_y = polygon.LoY();
+  unsigned int lo_x = polygon.Extent().Lo().x_;
-  unsigned int lo_x = polygon.LoX();
+  unsigned int lo_y = polygon.Extent().Lo().y_;
-  unsigned int hi_x = polygon.HiX();
+  unsigned int hi_x = polygon.Extent().Hi().x_;
-  unsigned int hi_y = polygon.HiY();
+  unsigned int hi_y = polygon.Extent().Hi().y_;
 
   Debug(4, "Checking alarms for zone %d/%s in lines %d -> %d", id, label.c_str(), lo_y, hi_y);
 
@@ -267,8 +267,8 @@ bool Zone::CheckAlarms(const Image *delta_image) {
   Debug(5, "Current score is %d", stats.score_);
 
   if (check_method >= FILTERED_PIXELS) {
-    int bx = filter_box.X();
+    int bx = filter_box.x_;
-    int by = filter_box.Y();
+    int by = filter_box.y_;
     int bx1 = bx-1;
     int by1 = by-1;
 
@@ -630,10 +630,10 @@ bool Zone::CheckAlarms(const Image *delta_image) {
         stats.score_ = 1; /* Fix for score of 0 when frame meets thresholds but alarmed area is not big enough */
       Debug(5, "Current score is %d", stats.score_);
 
-      alarm_lo_x = polygon.HiX()+1;
+      alarm_lo_x = polygon.Extent().Hi().x_ + 1;
-      alarm_hi_x = polygon.LoX()-1;
+      alarm_hi_x = polygon.Extent().Lo().x_ - 1;
-      alarm_lo_y = polygon.HiY()+1;
+      alarm_lo_y = polygon.Extent().Hi().y_ + 1;
-      alarm_hi_y = polygon.LoY()-1;
+      alarm_hi_y = polygon.Extent().Lo().y_ - 1;
 
       for (uint32 i = 1; i < kWhite; i++) {
         BlobStats *bs = &blob_stats[i];
@@ -684,11 +684,11 @@ bool Zone::CheckAlarms(const Image *delta_image) {
 
   // Now outline the changed region
   if (stats.score_) {
-    stats.alarm_box_ = Box(Coord(alarm_lo_x, alarm_lo_y), Coord(alarm_hi_x, alarm_hi_y));
+    stats.alarm_box_ = Box(Vector2(alarm_lo_x, alarm_lo_y), Vector2(alarm_hi_x, alarm_hi_y));
 
     //if ( monitor->followMotion() )
     if ( true ) {
-      stats.alarm_centre_ = Coord(alarm_mid_x, alarm_mid_y);
+      stats.alarm_centre_ = Vector2(alarm_mid_x, alarm_mid_y);
     } else {
       stats.alarm_centre_ = stats.alarm_box_.Centre();
     }
@@ -748,37 +748,39 @@ bool Zone::CheckAlarms(const Image *delta_image) {
 
 bool Zone::ParsePolygonString(const char *poly_string, Polygon &polygon) {
   char *str = (char *)poly_string;
-  int n_coords = 0;
   int max_n_coords = strlen(str)/4;
-  Coord *coords = new Coord[max_n_coords];
+
+  std::vector<Vector2> vertices;
+  vertices.reserve(max_n_coords);
+
   while (*str != '\0') {
     char *cp = strchr(str, ',');
     if (!cp) {
       Error("Bogus coordinate %s found in polygon string", str);
       break;
     }
+
     int x = atoi(str);
     int y = atoi(cp + 1);
     Debug(3, "Got coordinate %d,%d from polygon string", x, y);
-    coords[n_coords++] = Coord(x, y);
+    vertices.emplace_back(x, y);
 
     char *ws = strchr(cp + 2, ' ');
-    if (ws)
+    if (ws) {
       str = ws + 1;
-    else
-      break;
-  }  // end while ! end of string
-
-  if (n_coords > 2) {
-    Debug(3, "Successfully parsed polygon string %s", str);
-    polygon = Polygon(n_coords, coords);
     } else {
-    Error("Not enough coordinates to form a polygon!");
+      break;
-    n_coords = 0;
+    }
   }
 
-  delete[] coords;
+  if (vertices.size() > 2) {
-  return n_coords ? true : false;
+    Debug(3, "Successfully parsed polygon string %s", str);
+    polygon = Polygon(vertices);
+  } else {
+    Error("Not enough coordinates to form a polygon!");
+  }
+
+  return !vertices.empty();
 }  // end bool Zone::ParsePolygonString(const char *poly_string, Polygon &polygon)
 
 bool Zone::ParseZoneString(const char *zone_string, int &zone_id, int &colour, Polygon &polygon) {
@@ -872,14 +874,21 @@ std::vector<Zone> Zone::Load(Monitor *monitor) {
       continue;
     }
 
-    if ( polygon.LoX() < 0 || polygon.HiX() >= (int)monitor->Width() 
+    if (polygon.Extent().Lo().x_ < 0 || polygon.Extent().Hi().x_ > static_cast<int32>(monitor->Width())
-        || polygon.LoY() < 0 || polygon.HiY() >= (int)monitor->Height() ) {
+        || polygon.Extent().Lo().y_ < 0 || polygon.Extent().Hi().y_ > static_cast<int32>(monitor->Height())) {
       Error("Zone %d/%s for monitor %s extends outside of image dimensions, (%d,%d), (%d,%d), fixing",
-          Id, Name, monitor->Name(), polygon.LoX(), polygon.LoY(), polygon.HiX(), polygon.HiY());
+            Id,
-      if ( polygon.LoX() < 0 ) polygon.LoX(0);
+            Name,
-      if ( polygon.HiX() >= (int)monitor->Width()) polygon.HiX((int)monitor->Width());
+            monitor->Name(),
-      if ( polygon.LoY() < 0 ) polygon.LoY(0);
+            polygon.Extent().Lo().x_,
-      if ( polygon.HiY() >= (int)monitor->Height() ) polygon.HiY((int)monitor->Height());
+            polygon.Extent().Lo().y_,
+            polygon.Extent().Hi().x_,
+            polygon.Extent().Hi().y_);
+
+      polygon.Clip(Box(
+          {0, 0},
+          {static_cast<int32>(monitor->Width()), static_cast<int32>(monitor->Height())}
+      ));
     }
 
     if ( false && !strcmp( Units, "Percent" ) ) {
@@ -899,7 +908,7 @@ std::vector<Zone> Zone::Load(Monitor *monitor) {
       zones.emplace_back(
           monitor, Id, Name, Type, polygon, AlarmRGB,
           CheckMethod, MinPixelThreshold, MaxPixelThreshold,
-          MinAlarmPixels, MaxAlarmPixels, Coord(FilterX, FilterY),
+          MinAlarmPixels, MaxAlarmPixels, Vector2(FilterX, FilterY),
           MinFilterPixels, MaxFilterPixels,
           MinBlobPixels, MaxBlobPixels, MinBlobs, MaxBlobs,
           OverloadFrames, ExtendAlarmFrames);
@@ -922,9 +931,9 @@ bool Zone::DumpSettings(char *output, bool /*verbose*/) const {
               type==INACTIVE?"Inactive":(
                 type==PRIVACY?"Privacy":"Unknown"
                 ))))));
-  sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Shape : %d points\n", polygon.getNumCoords() );
+  sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Shape : %zu points\n", polygon.GetVertices().size() );
-  for ( int i = 0; i < polygon.getNumCoords(); i++ ) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < polygon.GetVertices().size(); i++) {
-    sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  %i: %d,%d\n", i, polygon.getCoord( i ).X(), polygon.getCoord( i ).Y() );
+    sprintf(output + strlen(output), "  %zu: %d,%d\n", i, polygon.GetVertices()[i].x_, polygon.GetVertices()[i].y_);
   }
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Alarm RGB : %06x\n", alarm_rgb );
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Check Method: %d - %s\n", check_method,
@@ -936,7 +945,7 @@ bool Zone::DumpSettings(char *output, bool /*verbose*/) const {
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Max Pixel Threshold : %d\n", max_pixel_threshold );
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Min Alarm Pixels : %d\n", min_alarm_pixels );
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Max Alarm Pixels : %d\n", max_alarm_pixels );
-  sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Filter Box : %d,%d\n", filter_box.X(), filter_box.Y() );
+  sprintf(output+strlen(output), "  Filter Box : %d,%d\n", filter_box.x_, filter_box.y_ );
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Min Filter Pixels : %d\n", min_filter_pixels );
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Max Filter Pixels : %d\n", max_filter_pixels );
   sprintf( output+strlen(output), "  Min Blob Pixels : %d\n", min_blob_pixels );
@@ -960,8 +969,8 @@ void Zone::std_alarmedpixels(
   if ( max_pixel_threshold )
     calc_max_pixel_threshold = max_pixel_threshold;
 
-  lo_y = polygon.LoY();
+  lo_y = polygon.Extent().Lo().y_;
-  hi_y = polygon.HiY();
+  hi_y = polygon.Extent().Hi().y_;
   for ( unsigned int y = lo_y; y <= hi_y; y++ ) {
     unsigned int lo_x = ranges[y].lo_x;
     unsigned int hi_x = ranges[y].hi_x;

src/zm_zone.h

@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@
 #define ZM_ZONE_H
 
 #include "zm_box.h"
-#include "zm_coord.h"
 #include "zm_define.h"
 #include "zm_config.h"
 #include "zm_poly.h"
 #include "zm_rgb.h"
 #include "zm_zone_stats.h"
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <string>
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class Zone {
     int         min_alarm_pixels;
     int         max_alarm_pixels;
 
-    Coord       filter_box;
+    Vector2       filter_box;
     int         min_filter_pixels;
     int         max_filter_pixels;
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ class Zone {
         int p_max_pixel_threshold,
         int p_min_alarm_pixels,
         int p_max_alarm_pixels,
-        const Coord &p_filter_box,
+        const Vector2 &p_filter_box,
         int p_min_filter_pixels,
         int p_max_filter_pixels,
         int p_min_blob_pixels,
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class Zone {
         int p_max_pixel_threshold=0,
         int p_min_alarm_pixels=50,
         int p_max_alarm_pixels=75000,
-        const Coord &p_filter_box=Coord( 3, 3 ),
+        const Vector2 &p_filter_box = Vector2(3, 3),
         int p_min_filter_pixels=50,
         int p_max_filter_pixels=50000,
         int p_min_blob_pixels=10,
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class Zone {
         blob_stats{},
         stats(p_id)
     {
-      Setup(Zone::INACTIVE, p_polygon, kRGBBlack, (Zone::CheckMethod)0, 0, 0, 0, 0, Coord(0, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+      Setup(Zone::INACTIVE, p_polygon, kRGBBlack, (Zone::CheckMethod)0, 0, 0, 0, 0, Vector2(0, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
     }
     Zone(Monitor *p_monitor, int p_id, const char *p_label, ZoneType p_type, const Polygon &p_polygon)
       :
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ class Zone {
         blob_stats{},
         stats(p_id)
     {
-      Setup(p_type, p_polygon, kRGBBlack, (Zone::CheckMethod)0, 0, 0, 0, 0, Coord( 0, 0 ), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
+      Setup(p_type, p_polygon, kRGBBlack, (Zone::CheckMethod)0, 0, 0, 0, 0, Vector2(0, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );
     }
 
     Zone(const Zone &z);
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ class Zone {
     inline bool WasAlarmed() const { return was_alarmed; }
     inline void SetAlarm() { was_alarmed = alarmed; alarmed = true; }
     inline void ClearAlarm() { was_alarmed = alarmed; alarmed = false; }
-    inline Coord GetAlarmCentre() const { return stats.alarm_centre_; }
+    inline Vector2 GetAlarmCentre() const { return stats.alarm_centre_; }
     inline unsigned int Score() const { return stats.score_; }
 
     inline void ResetStats() {

src/zm_zone_stats.h

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 #define ZM_ZONE_STATS_H
 
 #include "zm_box.h"
-#include "zm_coord.h"
 #include "zm_logger.h"
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
 
 class ZoneStats {
  public:
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ class ZoneStats {
       alarm_blobs_(0),
       min_blob_size_(0),
       max_blob_size_(0),
-      alarm_box_({}),
-      alarm_centre_({}),
       score_(0) {};
 
   void Reset() {
@@ -47,10 +45,7 @@ class ZoneStats {
     alarm_blobs_ = 0;
     min_blob_size_ = 0;
     max_blob_size_ = 0;
-    alarm_box_.LoX(0);
+    alarm_box_ = {};
-    alarm_box_.LoY(0);
-    alarm_box_.HiX(0);
-    alarm_box_.HiY(0);
     alarm_centre_ = {};
     score_ = 0;
   }
@@ -67,12 +62,12 @@ class ZoneStats {
           alarm_blobs_,
           min_blob_size_,
           max_blob_size_,
-          alarm_box_.LoX(),
+          alarm_box_.Lo().x_,
-          alarm_box_.LoY(),
+          alarm_box_.Lo().y_,
-          alarm_box_.HiX(),
+          alarm_box_.Hi().x_,
-          alarm_box_.HiY(),
+          alarm_box_.Hi().y_,
-          alarm_centre_.X(),
+          alarm_centre_.x_,
-          alarm_centre_.Y(),
+          alarm_centre_.y_,
           score_
     );
   }
@@ -87,7 +82,7 @@ class ZoneStats {
   int min_blob_size_;
   int max_blob_size_;
   Box alarm_box_;
-  Coord alarm_centre_;
+  Vector2 alarm_centre_;
   unsigned int score_;
 };
 

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,10 +12,13 @@
 include(Catch)
 
 set(TEST_SOURCES
+  zm_box.cpp
   zm_comms.cpp
   zm_crypt.cpp
   zm_font.cpp
-  zm_utils.cpp)
+  zm_poly.cpp
+  zm_utils.cpp
+  zm_vector2.cpp)
 
 add_executable(tests main.cpp ${TEST_SOURCES})
 

tests/zm_box.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the ZoneMinder Project. See AUTHORS file for Copyright information
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
+
+#include "zm_box.h"
+
+TEST_CASE("Box: default constructor") {
+  Box b;
+
+  REQUIRE(b.Lo() == Vector2(0, 0));
+  REQUIRE(b.Hi() == Vector2(0, 0));
+  REQUIRE(b.Size() == Vector2(0, 0));
+  REQUIRE(b.Area() == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Box: construct from lo and hi") {
+  Box b({1, 1}, {5, 5});
+
+  SECTION("basic properties") {
+  REQUIRE(b.Lo() == Vector2(1, 1));
+  REQUIRE(b.Hi() == Vector2(5, 5));
+
+  REQUIRE(b.Size() == Vector2(4 ,4));
+  REQUIRE(b.Area() == 16);
+  REQUIRE(b.Centre() == Vector2(3, 3));
+
+  REQUIRE(b.Vertices() == std::vector<Vector2>{{1, 1}, {5, 1}, {5, 5}, {1, 5}});
+  }
+
+  SECTION("contains") {
+    REQUIRE(b.Contains({0, 0}) == false);
+    REQUIRE(b.Contains({1, 1}) == true);
+    REQUIRE(b.Contains({3, 3}) == true);
+    REQUIRE(b.Contains({5, 5}) == true);
+    REQUIRE(b.Contains({6, 6}) == false);
+  }
+}

tests/zm_catch2.h

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the ZoneMinder Project. See AUTHORS file for Copyright information
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ZONEMINDER_TESTS_ZM_CATCH2_H_
+#define ZONEMINDER_TESTS_ZM_CATCH2_H_
+
+#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
+
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
+
+inline std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, Vector2 const &value) {
+  os << "{ X: " << value.x_ << ", Y: " << value.y_ << " }";
+  return os;
+}
+
+#endif //ZONEMINDER_TESTS_ZM_CATCH2_H_

tests/zm_comms.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
 
 #include "zm_comms.h"
 #include <array>

tests/zm_crypt.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
 
 #include "zm_crypt.h"
 

tests/zm_font.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
 
 #include "zm_font.h"
 

tests/zm_poly.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the ZoneMinder Project. See AUTHORS file for Copyright information
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
+
+#include "zm_poly.h"
+
+TEST_CASE("Polygon: default constructor") {
+  Polygon p;
+
+  REQUIRE(p.Area() == 0);
+  REQUIRE(p.Centre() == Vector2(0, 0));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Polygon: construct from vertices") {
+  std::vector<Vector2> vertices{{{0, 0}, {6, 0}, {0, 6}}};
+  Polygon p(vertices);
+
+  REQUIRE(p.Area() == 18);
+  REQUIRE(p.Extent().Size() == Vector2(6, 6));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Polygon: clipping") {
+  // This a concave polygon in a shape resembling a "W"
+  std::vector<Vector2> v = {
+      {3, 1},
+      {5, 1},
+      {6, 3},
+      {7, 1},
+      {9, 1},
+      {10, 8},
+      {8, 8},
+      {7, 5},
+      {5, 5},
+      {4, 8},
+      {2, 8}
+  };
+
+  Polygon p(v);
+
+  REQUIRE(p.GetVertices().size() == 11);
+  REQUIRE(p.Extent().Size() == Vector2(8, 7));
+
+  SECTION("boundary box larger than polygon") {
+    p.Clip(Box({1, 0}, {11, 9}));
+
+    REQUIRE(p.GetVertices().size() == 11);
+    REQUIRE(p.Extent().Size() == Vector2(8, 7));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("boundary box smaller than polygon") {
+    p.Clip(Box({2, 4}, {10, 7}));
+
+    REQUIRE(p.GetVertices().size() == 8);
+    REQUIRE(p.Extent().Size() == Vector2(8, 3));
+  }
+}

tests/zm_utils.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include "catch2/catch.hpp"
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
 
 #include "zm_utils.h"
 #include <sstream>

tests/zm_vector2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the ZoneMinder Project. See AUTHORS file for Copyright information
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
+ * option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "zm_catch2.h"
+
+#include "zm_vector2.h"
+
+TEST_CASE("Vector2: default constructor") {
+  Vector2 c;
+  REQUIRE(c.x_ == 0);
+  REQUIRE(c.y_ == 0);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Vector2: x/y constructor") {
+  Vector2 c(1, 2);
+
+  REQUIRE(c.x_ == 1);
+  REQUIRE(c.y_ == 2);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Vector2: assignment/copy") {
+  Vector2 c;
+  Vector2 c2(1, 2);
+
+  REQUIRE(c.x_ == 0);
+  REQUIRE(c.y_ == 0);
+
+  SECTION("assignment operator") {
+    c = c2;
+    REQUIRE(c.x_ == 1);
+    REQUIRE(c.y_ == 2);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("copy constructor") {
+    Vector2 c3(c2); // NOLINT(performance-unnecessary-copy-initialization)
+    REQUIRE(c3.x_ == 1);
+    REQUIRE(c3.y_ == 2);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Vector2: comparison operators") {
+  Vector2 c1(1, 2);
+  Vector2 c2(1, 2);
+  Vector2 c3(1, 3);
+
+  REQUIRE((c1 == c2) == true);
+  REQUIRE((c1 != c3) == true);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Vector2: arithmetic operators") {
+  Vector2 c(1, 1);
+
+  SECTION("addition") {
+    Vector2 c1 = c + Vector2(1, 1);
+    REQUIRE(c1 == Vector2(2, 2));
+
+    c += {1, 2};
+    REQUIRE(c == Vector2(2, 3));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("subtraction") {
+    Vector2 c1 = c - Vector2(1, 1);
+    REQUIRE(c1 == Vector2(0, 0));
+
+    c -= {1, 2};
+    REQUIRE(c == Vector2(0, -1));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("scalar multiplication") {
+    c = c * 2;
+    REQUIRE(c == Vector2(2, 2));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Vector2: determinate") {
+  Vector2 v(1, 1);
+  REQUIRE(v.Determinant({0, 0}) == 0);
+  REQUIRE(v.Determinant({1, 1}) == 0);
+  REQUIRE(v.Determinant({1, 2}) == 1);
+}