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\tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901711 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310031000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 14}}}}}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }\pard\plain \s26\ql \li283\ri0\sb17\sa17\nowidctlpar\tx960\tqr\tldot\tx8958\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin283\itap0 \f1\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901712"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 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20}}}}}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901714"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310034000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 8.3.}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Viewing Monitors}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901714 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310034000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 23}}}}}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901715"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310035000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 8.4.}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Controlling Monitors}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901715 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310035000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 24}}}}}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901716"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310036000000}}}{\fldrslt { 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\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310037000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 8.6.}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Viewing Events}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901717 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310037000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 26}}}}}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901718"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310038000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 8.7.}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Options and Users}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901718 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 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9.}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Camera Control}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901719 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700310039000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 29}}}}}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }\pard\plain \s26\ql \li283\ri0\sb17\sa17\nowidctlpar\tx960\tqr\tldot\tx8958\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin283\itap0 \f1\fs22\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901720"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700320030000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 9.1.}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Control Capabilities}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901720 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700320030000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 29}}}}}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901721"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700320031000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 9.2.}{\f0\fs24\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Control Scripts}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901721 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 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10.}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 Mobile Devices}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901722 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700320032000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 33}}}}}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 HYPERLINK \\l "_Toc125901723"}{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 }{ \ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 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\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700360030000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 17.}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\cs34\ul\cf2\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443\charrsid5388931 License}{ \lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 \tab }{\field{\*\fldinst {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 PAGEREF _Toc125901760 \\h }{\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid3229443 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f0054006f0063003100320035003900300031003700360030000000}}}{\fldrslt {\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\webhidden\insrsid3229443 72}}}}}{\f0\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\langfenp2057\insrsid3229443 \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1058767 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 }}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1058767 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid1058767 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid1058767 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 1.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid1058767 \page }{\insrsid475446 {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901704}Int{\*\bkmkstart _Toc124931625}roduction{\*\bkmkend _Toc124931625}{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901704} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Welcome to ZoneMinder, the all-in-one Linux GPL'd security camera solution. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 A while back my garage was burgled and all my power tools were stolen! I realised shortly after that if I'd just had a camera overlooking the door then at least I'd have know exactly when and who did the dirty deed. And so ZoneMinder was born. It's still relatively new but hopefully it has developed to be something that can be genuinely useful and prevent similar incidents or even perhaps bring some perpetrators to justice. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder is designed around a series of independent components that only function when necessary limiting any wasted resource and maximising the efficiency of your machine. A fairly ancient Pentium II PC should be able to track one camera per device at up to 25 frames per second with this dropping by half approximately for each additional camera on the same device. Additional cameras on other devices do not interact so can maintain this frame rate. Even monitoring several cameras still will n ot overload the CPU as frame processing is designed to synchronise with capture and not stall it. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 As well as being fast ZoneMinder is designed to be friendly and even more than that, actually useful. As well as the fast video interface core it also comes wi th a user friendly and comprehensive PHP based web interface allowing you to control and monitor your cameras from home or even at work or on the road. It supports variable web capabilities based on available bandwidth. The web interface also allows you t o view events that your cameras have captured and archive them or review them time and again, or delete the ones you no longer wish to keep. The web pages directly interact with the core daemons ensuring full co-operation at all times. ZoneMinder can even be installed as a system service ensuring it is right there if your computer has to reboot for any reason. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The core of ZoneMinder is the capture and analysis of images and there is a highly configurable set of parameters that allow you to ensure that you ca n eliminate false positives whilst ensuring that anything you don't want to miss will be captured and saved. ZoneMinder allows you to define a set of 'zones' for each camera of varying sensitivity and functionality. This allows you to eliminate regions th at you don't wish to track or define areas that will alarm if various thresholds are exceeded in conjunction with other zones. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder is fresh off the keyboard and so comes with no warranty whatsoever, please try it, send your feedback and if you get an ything useful out of it let me know. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder is free but if you do get ZoneMinder up and running and find it useful then please feel free to visit }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { \cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 HYPERLINK "http://www.zoneminder.com/donate.html" }{\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 {\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b4c00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007a006f006e0065006d0069006e006400650072002e0063006f006d002f0064006f006e006100740065002e00680074006d006c000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 http://www.zoneminder.com/donate.html}}}{\insrsid475446 where }{\b\cf6\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 any donations will be appreciated}{\insrsid475446 and will help to fund future improvements to ZoneMinder. This would be especially relevant if you use ZoneMinder as part of your business, or to protect your property. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 2.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Toc124931626} {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901705}Requirements{\*\bkmkend _Toc124931626}{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901705} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder needs a couple of things to work. Ordinarily the \lquote configure\rquote script will check for the presence of required (and optional) components but it is useful to be prepared beforehand. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Firstly, it uses MySQL so you'll need that. In order to compile you need to make sure you have a development instal lation and not just a runtime; this is because it needs to use the MySQL header files. If you are running an RPM based distribution then it\rquote s probably worth installing all the pure mysql rpm files to be sure you have the right ones. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Next it does things wit h JPEGs so you'll need at least libjpeg.a which I think come as standard nowadays with most distributions. Users have reported varying degrees of success with other jpeg libraries such as jpeg-mmx but these are not officially supported. If you plan to use network cameras then the Perl Compatible Regular Expression library (libpcre.a) can prove useful but is not always essential. ZoneMinder also uses the netpbm utilities in a very limited way to generate thumbnails under certain circumstances though this ca n be modified. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder can generate MPEG videos if necessary, for this you'll need either ffmpeg (recommended) or the Berkeley MPEG encoder (mpeg_encode). If you don't have either, don't worry, as the options will be hidden and you'll not really miss too much. Some of the authentication uses openssl MD5 functions, if you get a grumble about these during configuration all it will mean is that authentication won\rquote t be used for streaming. The web interface uses PHP and so you need that in your apache or other web server as well, make sure MySQL support is available either statically or as a module. There are also various perl modules that you may need that vary depending on which options you choose on installation, for more details see later in this document. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Finally, there is quite a bit of image streaming in the package. So if you don't have FireFox or another browser that supports image streaming natively I recommend you get the excellent Cambozola java applet from }{ \cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 http://www.charliemouse.com/code/cambozola/}{\insrsid475446 which will let you view the image stream in Internet Explorer and others. Otherwise you're limited to just refreshing still images or mpeg based streams, if you have compatible plugins. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Hardware-wise, ZoneMinder has been used with various video and USB c ameras with the V4L interface. It will also work with most Network or IP cameras. I don't have a lot of cameras myself so I've not had change to test it with a huge range personally however there is a list of devices that are definitely known to work on t h e web site. Please let me know if your camera works and is not listed. You do need to have Video4Linux installed. I've not got too many machines so I've only really used it on various RedHat/Fedora distributions, which seem to have everything there by def ault I think. SlackWare does need a bit more tinkering than other distributions; there is a document on the web site describing what users have had to do to get it working. Please give me feedback on other distributions not listed on the site. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 3.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart DDE_LINK2} {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901706}Components{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901706} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder is not a single monolith{\*\bkmkend DDE_LINK2} ic application but is formed from several components. These components primarily include executable compiled binaries which do the main video processing work, perl scripts which usually perform helper and/or external inter face tasks and php web scripts which are used for the web interface. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 A brief description of each of the principle components follows. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmc}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Capture daemon. This binary's job is to sit on a video device and suck frames off it as fast as possible, this should run at more or less constant speed. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zma}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Analysis daemon. This is the component that goes through the captured frames and checks them for motion which might generate an alarm or event. It generally keeps up with the Capture daemon but if very busy may skip some frames to prevent it falling behind. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmf}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Frame daemon. This is an optional daemon that can run in concert with the Analysis daemon and whose function it is to actually write ca ptured frames to disk. This frees up the Analysis daemon to do more analysis (!) and so keep up with the Capture daemon better. If it isn\rquote t running or dies then the Analysis daemon just writes them itself. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zms}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Streaming server. The web interface connects with this to get real-time or historical streamed images. It runs only when a live monitor stream or event stream is actually being viewed and dies when the event finishes or the associate web page is closed. If you find you have s e veral zms processes running when nothing is being viewed then it is likely you need a patch for apache (see the Troubleshooting section). A non-parsed header version of zms, called nph-zms, is also installed and may be used instead depending on your web s erver configuration. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmu}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Utility. It's basically a handy command line interface to several useful functions. It\rquote s not really meant to be used by anyone except the web page (there's only limited 'help' in it so far) but can be if nec essary, especially for debugging video problems. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmfix}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is a small binary that exists only to ensure that the video device files can be read by the main capture daemons. It is often the case that these device files are set to be accessible by root on ly on boot. This binary runs setuid and ensures that they have appropriate permissions. This is not a daemon and runs only on system start and then exits. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 As well as this there are the web PHP files in the web directory and some perl scripts in the scripts directory. These scripts all have some configuration at the top of the files which should be viewed and amended if necessary and are as follows. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmpkg.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Package Control script. This is used by the web interface and service scripts to control the execution of the system as a whole. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmdc.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid853645\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the ZoneMinder Daemon Control script. This is used by the web interface and the zmpkg.pl script to control and maintain the execution of the capture and analysis daemons, amongst others. You should not need to run this script yourself. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmfilter.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid16212083\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This script controls the execution of saved filters and will be started and stopped by the web interface based on whether there are filters that have been defined to be autonomous. This scrip t is also responsible for the automatic uploading of events to a 3rd party server. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmaudit.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid853645\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This script is used to check the consistency of the event file system and database. It can delete orphaned events, i.e. ones that appear in one location and not the other as well as checking that all the various event related tables are in line. It can be run interactively or in batch mode either from the command line or a cron job or similar. In the zmconfig.pl there is an option to specify fast event deletes w here the web interface only deletes the event entry from the database itself. If this is set then it is this script that tidies up the rest. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmwatch.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid853645\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is a simple script purely designed to keep an eye on the capture daemons and restart them if they lockup. It has been known for sync problems in the video drivers to cause this so this script makes sure that nothing important gets missed. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmupdate.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash Currently this script is responsible for checking whether a new version of ZoneMinder is available and other miscellaneous actions related to upgrades and migrations. It is also intended to be a \lquote one stop shop\rquote for any upgrades and will execute everything necessary to update your installation to a new version. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmvideo.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This script is used from the web interface to generate video files in various formats in a common way. You can also use it from the command line in certain circumstances but this is not usually necessary. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmx10.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid853645\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is an optional script that can be used to initiate and monitor X10 Home Automation style events and interface with an alarm system either by the generation of X10 signals on ZoneMinder events or by initiating ZoneMinder monitoring and capture on receipt of X10 signals from elsewhere, for instance the triggering of an X10 PIR. For example I have several cameras that don\rquote t do motion detection until I arm my alarm system whereupon they switch to active mode when an X10 signal is generated by the alarm system and received by ZoneMinder. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid853645 {\b\insrsid475446 zmtrigger.pl}{\insrsid475446 }{\insrsid853645\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446 This is an optional scrip t that is a more generic solution to external triggering of alarms. It }{\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 can}{\insrsid475446 handle external connections via either internet socket, unix socket or file/device interfaces. You can either use it \lquote as is \rquote if you can interface with the existing format, or override connections and channels to customise it to your needs. The format of triggers used by zmtrigger.pl is as follows \'93|||||\'94 where \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard\plain \s22\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx360\tx720\nooverflow\faroman\ls10\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid853645 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 'id' is the id number or name of the ZM monitor \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s22\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx360\tx720\nooverflow\faroman\ls10\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid853645 {\insrsid475446 'action' is 'on', 'off', 'cancel' or \lquote show\rquote where 'on' forces an alarm condition on, 'off' forces an alarm condition off and 'cancel' negates the previous 'on' or 'off'. The \lquote show\rquote action merely updates some auxiliary text which can optionally be displayed in the images captured by the moni tor. Ordinarily you would use 'on' and 'cancel', 'off' would tend to be used to suppress motion based events. Additionally 'on' and 'off' can take an additional time offset, e.g. on+20 which automatically 'cancel's the previous action after that number of seconds. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s22\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx360\tx720\nooverflow\faroman\ls10\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid853645 {\insrsid475446 'score' is the score given to the alarm, usually to indicate it's importance. For 'on' triggers it should be non-zero, otherwise it should be zero. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}'cause' is a 32 char max string indicating the reason for, or source of the alarm e.g. 'Relay 1 ope n'. This is saved in the \lquote Cause\rquote field of the event. Ignored for 'off' or 'cancel' messages \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}'text' is a 256 char max additional info field, which is saved in the \lquote Description\rquote field of an event. Ignored for 'off' or 'cancel' messages. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s22 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s22\qj \fi-360\li360\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx360\tx720\nooverflow\faroman\ls10\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid853645 {\insrsid475446 \lquote showtext\rquote is up to 32 characters of text that can be displayed in the timestamp that is added to images. The \lquote show\rquote action is designed to update this text without affecting alarms but the text is updated, if present, for any of the actions. This is designed to allow external input to appear on the images captured, for instance temperature or personnel identity etc. \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Note that multiple messages can be sent at once and should be LF or CRLF delimited. This script is not necessarily intended to be a solution in itself, but is intended to be used as \lquote glue\rquote to help ZoneMinder interface with other systems.}{ \insrsid15300413 It will almost certainly require some customisation before you can make any use of it. If all you want to do is generate alarms from external sources then using the ZoneMinder::SharedMem perl module is likely to be easier.}{ \insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmcontrol-*.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash These are a set of example scripts which can be used to control Pan/Tilt/Zoom class cameras. Each script converts a set of standard parameters used for camera control into the actual protocol comman ds sent to the camera. If you are using a camera control protocol that is not in the shipped list then you will have to create a similar script though it can be created entirely separately from ZoneMinder and does not need to named as these scripts are. A lthough the scripts are used to action commands originated from the web interface they can also be used directly or from other programs or scripts, for instance to implement periodic scanning to different presets. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zmtrack.pl}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This script is used to manage the experimental motion tracking feature. It is responsible for detecting that an alarm is taking place and moving the camera to point to the alarmed location, and then subsequently returning it to a defined standby location. As well as moving the camera it also controls when motion detection is suspended and restored so that the action of the camera tracking does not trigger endless further alarms which are not justified. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 zm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid853645\charrsid3617542 \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 This is the (optional) ZoneMinder init script, see below for details. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Finally, there are also a number of ZoneMinder perl modules included. These are used by the scripts above, but can also be used by your own or 3}{ \up5\insrsid475446 rd}{\insrsid475446 party scripts. Full documentation for most modules is available in \lquote pod\rquote form via \lquote perldoc\rquote but the general purpose of each module is as follows. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This is a general ZoneMinder container module. It includes the Base.pm, Config.pm Debug.pm, Database.pm, and SharedMem.pm modules described below. It also exports all of their symbols by default. If you use the ot her modules directly you have request which symbol tags to import. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder/Base.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This is the base ZoneMinder perl module. It contains only simple data such as version information. It is included by all other ZoneMinder perl modules \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder/Config.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This module imports the ZoneMinder configuration from the database. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3606796 ZoneMinder/Debug. pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This module contains the defined Debug and Error functions etc, that are used by scripts to produce diagnostic information in a standard format. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder/Database.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This module contains database access definitions and functions. Currently not a lot is in this module but it is included as a placeholder for future development. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder/SharedMem.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This module contains standard shared memory access functi ons. These can be used to access the current state of monitors etc as well as issuing commands to the monitors to switch things on and off. This module effectively provides a ZoneMinder API. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder/ConfigAdmin.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash This module is a specialised module t hat contains the definition, and other information, about the various configuration options. It is not intended for use by 3rd parties. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid853645 ZoneMinder/Trigger/*.pm}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \endash These modules contain definitions of trigger channels and connections used by the zmtrigger.pl script. Although they can be used \lquote as is\rquote , they are really intended as examples that can be customised or specialised for different interfaces. Contributed modules for new channels or connections will be welcomed and included in future versions of ZoneMinder. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 4.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Ref124947586} {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901707}Building{\*\bkmkend _Ref124947586}{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901707} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 To build ZoneMinder the first thing you need to do is run the included configure script to define some initial configuration. If you are happy with the default settings for the database host (\lquote localhost\rquote ), name (\lquote zm\rquote ), user ( \lquote zmuser\rquote ) and password (\lquote zmpass\rquote ) then you can just type \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 ./configure --with-webdir= --with-cgidir= \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 where }{\i\insrsid475446 --with-webdir}{\insrsid475446 is the directory to which you want to install the PHP files, and }{\i\insrsid475446 --with-cgidir}{\insrsid475446 is the directory to which you want to install CGI files. These directories could be }{\i\insrsid475446 /var/www/html/zm}{\insrsid475446 and }{\i\insrsid475446 /var/www/cgi-bin}{\insrsid475446 for example. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you want to override any of the default database values then you can append them to the configure command, for example to use a database password of \lquote z mnewpass\rquote do \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 ./configure --with-webdir= --with-cgidir= ZM_DB_PASS=zmnewpass \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 and so on. The values you can use are ZM_DB_HOST, ZM_DB_NAME, ZM_DB_USER and ZM_DB_PASS. Other than the database name, which is substituted into the database creation script, these values can easily be changed after this step. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If the script cannot find your MySQL installation, for instance if it is installed in an unusual location, then --}{\i\insrsid475446 with-mysql}{\insrsid475446 identifies the root directory where you have installed it, usually /usr. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you want to use real MPEG based streaming you will need to have built and installed the ffmpeg tools. You can then also use }{\i\insrsid475446 \endash with-ffmpeg=}{\insrsid475446 to help configure find it if it\rquote s not installed in a default location. Note, you have to make sure you have installed the ffmpeg headers and libraries (}{\i\insrsid475446 make installlib}{ \insrsid475446 ) as well as the binaries (}{\i\insrsid475446 make install}{\insrsid475446 ), or a development package with them in. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you have built ffmpeg with any additional options which require extra libraries in the link stage then you can use }{\i\insrsid475446 --with-extralibs}{ \insrsid475446 to pass these libraries to the configure script, to prevent unresolved dependencies. Otherwise ignore this option. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you are on a 64 bit system you may find that the }{\i\insrsid475446 \endash with-libarch }{\insrsid475446 option helps you correctly define your library paths. \par There are also two further parameters you can add if your web user and group are not both 'apache'. These are }{\i\insrsid475446 --with-webuser}{\insrsid475446 and }{\i\insrsid475446 --with-webgroup}{\insrsid475446 . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Type \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 ./configure \endash help \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 for details on these, and other, options. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Now you can just type }{\i\insrsid475446 'make'}{\insrsid475446 to do the build. The first time you run this you may get a warning about a Makefile being rebuilt in the scripts directory, and make will terminate. This is normal and you can just rerun make to complete the build. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 5.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page }{\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901708}Installation}{\insrsid475446 {\*\bkmkend _Toc125901708} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Fo r a new installation the next thing you will need to do is create your database and database users. So type the commands as follows, \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 mysql mysql < db/zm_create.sql \par mysql mysql \par }\pard \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 grant select,insert,update,delete on .* to ''@localhost identified by ''; \par }\pard \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 quit \par mysqladmin reload \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 You may need to supply a username and password to the mysql commands in the first place to give yourself sufficient privileges to perform the required commands. If you want to host your data base on a different machine than that which ZoneMinder is running on then you will need to perform this step on the remote machine and reference the ZoneMinder machine instead of localhost. If you are running remote databases you probably already know all this, if you are not then don\rquote t worry about it! \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 At this stage typing \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 make install \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 will install everything to the desired locations, you may need to su to root first though to give yourself adequate permissions. The installation routine will copy the binari es and scripts to your chosen install location, usually /usr/local/bin and then move zms (and nph-zms) to your cgi-bin area. It will then copy the web files to your chosen directory and ensure they have the right permissions, and install the ZoneMinder pe r l modules in the standard perl locations. It will also install a copy of the zm.conf file (generated by configure) to your system configuration area (e.g. /usr/local/etc). Finally it tries to link zm.php to index.php but will not overwrite an existing fil e if it already exists. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The 'zm' script does not get installed automatically as it is not necessary for the operation of the ZoneMinder setup per se and is not necessarily likely to work correctly for distributions other than those from the RedHat or Fedora families. However if you want to ensure that ZoneMinder }{\insrsid4751251 is}{\insrsid475446 started on reboot etc copy it to your init.d directory, usually something like /etc/rc.d/init.d }{\insrsid4751251 or /etc/inid.d }{\insrsid475446 and then add it by doing \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\i\insrsid475446 chkconfig --add zm \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 or similar command for your distribution. ZoneMinder will then start up when your machine reboots and can be controlled (by the root user) by doing }{ \i\insrsid475446 'service zm start'}{\insrsid475446 or }{\i\insrsid475446 'service zm stop'}{\insrsid475446 etc. You may need to use }{\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 the }{\i\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 \lquote \emdash levels}{ \insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 \rquote parameter}{\insrsid475446 to chkconfig to ensure that ZoneMinder is started when you need it to.}{\insrsid4751251 \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid4751251 If you do this you should find that you have files named S99zm in some of the /etc/rc}{\i\insrsid4751251 X}{\insrsid4751251 .d directories and K99zm in some of the others. The S99zm files are used for starting up ZoneMinder on system boot and the K99zm ones are used to close it on system shutdown. The }{\i\insrsid4751251 99}{\insrsid4751251 part is a priority, which may run from 0 to 99 and indicates where in the startup and shutdown sequences that ZoneMinder should start or stop. So S99zm means that ZoneMinder should be one of the last things to startup, which is good as it needs things like the database to be running first. \par However, by the same token, the K99zm scripts indicate that ZoneMinder should be one of the last things to shut down, which is bad, as by then the database etc will have gone away. So for tidiness y ou should rename any K99zm files to K00zm to indicate that ZoneMinder should be one of the first elements to stop. This way you will avoid any nasty messages on your console about the database having gone away and also will give ZoneMinder chance to shutd own in a controlled manner without introducing any corruption.}{\insrsid475446 \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid10826340 As mentioned above, this script is for Redhat, and related, distributions only. I would be grateful for any similar scripts for other distributions so if you know of one, or create one, then please send it to me.}{\insrsid10826340\charrsid4751251 \par }{\insrsid475446 If you are running a distribution which doesn\rquote t support the zm script, or if you just prefer more direct control, you can now start ZoneMinder by typing \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 zmpkg.pl start \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 which, after a few seconds, should return without error. You can subs equently stop and restart everything by changing the \lquote start\rquote parameter to \lquote stop\rquote or \lquote restart\rquote . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Now fire up your web browser, point it at your zm.php and off you go. \par Note, if you ever need to uninstall ZoneMinder you can do this by simply typing \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 make uninstall \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 though as with installation you may need to change user to have sufficient privileges. This will remove all installed files, however you will need to manually remove any databases you have created. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 6.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901709}Upgrading {\*\bkmkend _Toc125901709} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 If you are upgrading from a previous version of ZoneMinder you should follow the}{ \insrsid3606796 }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst {\insrsid3606796 REF _Ref124947586 \\h }{\insrsid3606796 {\*\datafield 08d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000080000000e0000005f005200650066003100320034003900340037003500380036000000}}}{\fldrslt { \insrsid4155430 Building}}}{\insrsid475446 }{\insrsid3606796 ins}{\insrsid475446 tructions above. Before proceeding, ensure that any previous version of ZoneMinder has been stopped, then type \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 make install \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 to install the binaries, scripts, modules, web and configuration files. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The next step in an upgrade is to run the zmupgrade.pl script to make any changes to the database or file system required by the new version. Ordinarily you can run this from your ZoneMinder build directory by doing \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\i\insrsid475446 zmupdate.pl \endash version= [--user= --pass=] \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 where }{\i\insrsid475446 \lquote from version\rquote }{\insrsid475446 relates to the version of ZM you are upgrading from, 1.21.1 for example, and not the version you are upgrading to. All updates from that version onwards will be applied; however zmupdate.pl will only work with upgrades from 1.19.0 onwards. The \lquote user\rquote and \lquote pass\rquote options allow you to specify a database user and password with sufficient privilege to \lquote alter\rquote the structure of the database. This is not necessarily the database user you use for ZoneMinder. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The update script will offer you the chance to make a database backup before making any changes. You can use this to restore your database if the upgrade fails or if you simply wish to roll back in the future. Be aware that if yo u have a lot of entries in your database and/or limited disk space doing a backup may not be feasible or even work. Also the backup only applies to the database and will not save any images or other event detail saved on disk. If successful the backup wil l be saved in the current directory and will be named }{\i\insrsid475446 -.dump}{\insrsid475446 . Any previous backups of the same name will be overwritten without warning. The backup file is in the form of a simple sql script and can be used to restore the database simply by typing \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 mysql < zm-1.21.4.dump \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 for example. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 After having done any backup, the database upgrade will be applied. Check that this is successful before continuing. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Once the upgrade process is complete, you can then restart ZoneMinder using the zm pkg.pl script or using the service control commands for your distribution. You should check /var/log/messages and the other ZoneMinder logs for the first few minutes to ensure that everything comes back up successfully. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 7.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901710} Installing from RPM{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901710} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Installing from the RPM is distribution specific so make sure you download the correct RPM for the distribution that you are using. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 All documents including this README are installed to the systems default document folder. \par Fedora Core: /usr/share/doc/zm-\{version number\} \par Mandrake: \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 The packaged version of Zone Minder installs all binarys to /usr/lib/zm including the web pages. So don\rquote t worry when you do not see any files installed to the root directory for your web server. The web pages for Apache are aliased by zm.conf in the apache/conf.d directory which vary depending on your distribution: \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Fedora Core: /etc/httpd/conf.d/zm.conf \par Mandrake: \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 The Configuration file for setting up the database is located at /etc/zm.conf and will need to be edited to add the user and password t hat you want Zone Minder to use. After you have installed the Zone Minder package this will be the first thing you want to do. So use your favourite editor and add in the user name and password you want Zone Minder to use. You can also change the database name if you would like. \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 vi /etc/zm.conf \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Start the mysqld service so you can build the database \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 service mysqld start \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Then run zminit to create the database \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 /usr/lib/zm/bin/zminit \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 The user and password that zminit asks for are for the database only. For the user enter root and leave the password blank (unless of course you changed the password). You should see some information showing that it has created the database and no errors. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Set the run levels for the services that Zone Minder requires. I like to set the run levels to 3 and 5 with the following command: \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 chkconfig \endash levels 35 mysqld on \par chkconfig \endash levels 35 httpd on \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Now start the web server and Zone Minder: \par }\pard\plain \s20\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \i\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 service httpd start \par service zm start \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 You should now be able to access the Zone Minder console throug h the web browser }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 HYPERLINK "http://localhost/zm" }{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 {\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b2800000068007400740070003a002f002f006c006f00630061006c0068006f00730074002f007a006d000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs29\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 http://localhost/zm}}}{ \insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Log files will be located in /var/log/zm \par Events are located at /var/lib/zm \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901711}Tutorial {\*\bkmkend _Toc125901711} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 What you see now (and subsequently) is the initial view that appears when running in non-authenti cated mode. Authentication is an option that lets you specify whether anyone that goes to the ZoneMinder web pages must log themselves in, in order to be given permissions to perform certain tasks. Running in authenticated mode is recommended if your syst em is open to the internet at all. During installation a fully privileged user \lquote admin\rquote has been created with a password also of \lquote admin\rquote . If you are using authentication you should change this password as soon as possible. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Once you\rquote ve logged in, or if you ar e running in un-authenticated mode, you will now see the ZoneMinder Console window. This will resize itself to avoid being too intrusive on your desktop. Along the top there are several informational entries like the time of the last update and the curren t server load. There will also be an indication of the system state which will probably say \lquote stopped\rquote to begin with. This is a link that you can click on to control th}{\insrsid4615107 e ZoneMinder system as a whole. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Below that are various other links including one detailing the current user (in authenticated mode only) and one allowing you to configure your bandwidth. This last one enables you to optimise your settings depending on where you are, the actual values relating to this are defined in the options. If you are usin g a browser on the same machine or network then choose high, over a cable or DSL link maybe choose medium and over a dialup choose low. You can experiment to see which is best. This setting is retained on a per machine basis with a persistent cookie. Also on this line are a number of other links that will be covered below. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Please bear in mind that from here on the descriptions of the web pages are based on what you will see if you are running as a fully authenticated user. If you are running in un-authentica ted mode or as a less privileged user then some elements may not be shown or will be disabled. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901712}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.1.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Defining Monitors{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901712} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 To use ZoneMinder properly you need to define at least one Monitor. Essentially, a monitor is associated with a camera and can continually chec k it for motion detection and such like. So, next click 'Add New Monitor' to bring up the dialog. You will see a bunch of things you have to fill in. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 To help you get started on the video configuration the best thing is to use a tool like 'xawtv' (}{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { \cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid3606796 HYPERLINK "http://bytesex.org/xawtv/" }{\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid3606796 {\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b3400000068007400740070003a002f002f0062007900740065007300650078002e006f00720067002f00780061007700740076002f000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid3606796 http://bytesex.org/xawtv/}}}{\insrsid475446 ) to get a picture you're happy with, and to check your camera works. Please note that just because you can see a video stream in these tools does not necessarily guarantee that your camera will wor k with ZoneMinder. This is because most tools just \lquote map\rquote the video image through onto screen memory transparently without intercepting it, whereas ZoneMinder needs to capture the image and, usually, inspect it. This is called frame grabbing and to check it you should use the facility in xawtv, or other tool, to capture either one or more still images or possibly a movie. If this works and the images or movie are not garbage then the chances are that ZoneMinder will work fine also. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Once you have validated yo ur camera run 'zmu -d -q -v' to get a dump of the settings (note, you will have to additionally supply a username and password to zmu if you are running in authenticated mode). You can then enter these values into the video related options o f the monitor configuration panel. The 'device_path' referred to here is the path to your video device file, for instance /dev/video0 etc. If 'zmu' gives you an error related to permissions run 'zmfix -a' to make sure you can access all the video devices. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 There are a small number of camera setups that ZoneMinder knows about and which can be accessed by clicking on the \lquote Presets\rquote link. Selecting one of the presets will fill in the monitor configuration with appropriate values but you will still need to enter others and confirm the preset settings. \par The options are divided into a set of tabs to make it easier to edit. You do not have to \lquote save\rquote to change to different tab so you can make all the changes you require and then click \lquote Save\rquote at the end. The individual o ption are explained in a little more detail below, \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Monitor\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Name}{\insrsid475446 \endash The name for your monitor. This should be made up of alphanumeric characters (a-z,A-Z,0-9) and hyphen (-) and underscore(_) only. Whitespace is not allowed. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Source Type}{\insrsid475446 \endash This determin es whether the camera is a local one attached to a physical video or USB port on your machine, a remote network camera or an image source that is represented by a file (for instance periodically downloaded from a alternate location). Choosing one or the o ther affects which set of options are shown in the next tab. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Function}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 This essentially defines what the monitor is doing. This can be one of the following; \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard\plain \s24\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx993\nooverflow\faroman\ls17\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid475446 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 None}{\insrsid475446 }{\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 \endash }{\insrsid475446 The monitor is currently disabled and no streams can be viewed or events generated. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 Monitor}{\insrsid475446 }{\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 \endash }{\insrsid475446 The monitor will only stream feeds but no image analysis is done and so no alarms or events will be generated, \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 Modect}{\insrsid475446 \endash or MOtion DEteCTtion. All captured images will be analysed and events generated where motion is detected. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s24\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx993\nooverflow\faroman\ls17\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid475446 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 Record}{\insrsid475446 \endash In this case cont inuous events of a fixed length are generated regardless of motion which is analogous to a convention time-lapse video recorder. No motion detection takes place in this mode. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s24\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx993\nooverflow\faroman\ls17\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid475446 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 Mocord}{\insrsid475446 \endash This is a hybrid of Modect and Record and results in both fixed length e vents being recorded and also any motion being highlighted within those events. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s24 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s24\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar \jclisttab\tx993\nooverflow\faroman\ls17\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid475446 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 Nodect}{\insrsid475446 \endash or No DEteCTtion. This is a special mode designed to be used with external triggers. In Nodect no motion detection takes place but events are recorded if external triggers require it. \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Generally speaking it is best to choose \lquote Monitor\rquote as an initial setting here.. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Enabled}{\insrsid475446 \endash The enabled field indicates whether the monitor should be started in an active mode or in a more passive state. You will nearly always want to check t his box, the only exceptions being when you want the camera to be enabled or disabled by external triggers or scripts. If not enabled then the monitor will not create any events in response ot motion or any other triggers. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid15300413 Linked Monitors}{\insrsid15300413 \endash This field allo ws you to select other monitors on your system that act as triggers for this monitor. So if you have a camera covering one aspect of your property you can force all cameras to record while that camera detects motion or other events. You can either directl y enter a comma separated list of monitor ids or click on \lquote Select\rquote to choose a selection. Be very careful not to create circular dependencies with this feature however you will have infinitely persisting alarms which is almost certainly not what you want! \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Maximum FPS}{\insrsid475446 \endash On some occasions you may have one or more cameras capable of high capture rates but find that you generally do not require this performance at all times and would prefer to lighten the load on your server. This option permits you to limit the maximum capture rate to a specified value. This may allow you to have more cameras supported on your system by reducing the CPU load or to allocate video bandwidth unevenly between cameras sharing the same video device. This value is only a rough guide a n d the lower the value you set the less close the actual FPS may approach it especially on shared devices where it can be difficult to synchronise two or more different capture rates precisely. There is a global configuration option that allows you to turn this limiting off in the event of an alarm. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Reference Image Blend %ge}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 Each analysed image in ZoneMinder is a composite of previous images and is formed by applying the current image as a certain percentage of the previous reference image. Thus, if we entered the value of 10 here, each image\rquote s part in the reference image will diminish by a factor of 0.9 each time round. So a typical reference image will be 10% the previous image, 9% the one before that and then 8.1%, 7.2%, 6.5% and so on of the rest of the way. An image will effectively vanish around 25 images later than when it was added. This blend value is what is specified here and if higher will make slower progressing events less detectable as the reference image would change more quickly. Similarly e vents will be deemed to be over much sooner as the reference image adapts to the new images more quickly. In signal processing terms the higher this value the steeper the event attack and decay of the signal. It depends on your particular requirements wha t the appropriate value would be for you but start with 10 here and adjust it (usually down) later if necessary. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0\pararsid15794850 {\b\insrsid475446 Triggers }{\insrsid475446 \endash This small section lets you select which triggers will apply if the run mode has been set to \lquote triggered\rquote above. The most common trigg er is X10 and this will appear here if you indicated that your system supported it during installation. Only X10 is supported as a shipped trigger with ZoneMinder at present but it is possible that other triggers will become available as necessary. You ca n also just use \lquote cron\rquote jobs or other mechanisms to actually control the camera and keep them completely outside of the ZoneMinder settings. The zmtrigger.pl script is also available to implement custom external triggering. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\dbch\af13\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 \loch\af1\dbch\af13\hich\f1 \lquote \loch\f1 Source\hich\f1 \rquote \loch\f1 Tab (local device) \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Device Path/Channel}{\insrsid475446 \endash Enter the full path to the device file that your camera is attached to, e.g. /dev/video0. Some video devices, e.g. BTTV cards support multiple cameras on one device so in this case enter the channel number in the Channel box or leave it at zero if you're using a USB camera or one with just one channel. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Device Format}{\insrsid475446 \endash Enter the video format of the video stream. This is defined in various system files (e.g. /usr/include/linux/videodev.h) but the two most common are 0 for PAL and 1 for NTSC. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Capture Palette}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 Finally for the video part of the configuration enter the colour depth. ZoneMinder supports a handful of the most common palettes, so choose one here. If in doubt try grey first, and then 24 bit colour. If neither of these work very well then YUV420P or one of the others probably will. There is a slight performance penalty when using palettes other than grey or 24 bit colour as an internal conversion is involved. These other formats are intended to be supported natively in a future versio n but for now if you have the choice choose one of grey or 24 bit colour. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Capture Width/Height}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 The dimensions of the video stream your camera will supply. If your camera supports several just enter the one you'll want to use for this application, you can always change it later. However I would recommend starting with no larger than 320x240 or 352x288 and then perhaps increasing and seeing how performance is affected. This size should be adequate in most cases. Some cameras are quite choosy about the sizes you can use here so unusual sizes such as 197x333 should be avoided initially. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Orientation}{\insrsid475446 \endash If your camera is mounted upside down or at right angles you can use this field to specify a rotation that is applied to the image as it is captured. This incurs a n additional processing overhead so if possible it is better to mount your camera the right way round if you can. If you choose one of the rotation options remember to switch the height and width fields so that they apply, e.g. if your camera captures at 352x288 and you choose \lquote Rotate Right\rquote here then set the height to be 352 and width to be 288. You can also choose to \lquote flip\rquote the image if your camera provides mirrored input. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Source\rquote Tab (remote device) \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Remote Host/Port/Path}{\insrsid475446 \endash Use these fields to enter the full URL of the camera. Basically if your camera is at }{\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 http://camserver.home.net:8192/cameras/camera1.jpg}{\insrsid475446 then these fields will be camserver.home.net, 8192 and /cameras/camera1.jopg respectively. Leave the port at 80 if there is no special port required. If you require authentication to access your camera then add this onto the host name in the form :@.com. This will usually be 24 bit colour even if the image looks black and white. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Remote Image Colours }{\insrsid475446 \endash Specify the amount of colours in the captured image. Unlike with local cameras changing this has no controlling effect on the remote camera itself so ensure that your camera is actually capturing to this palette beforehand. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Capture Width/Height}{\insrsid475446 \endash As per local devices. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Orientation}{\insrsid475446 \endash As per local devices. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Source\rquote Tab (file device) \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 File Path}{\insrsid475446 \endash Enter the full path to the file to be used as the image source. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 File Colours }{\insrsid475446 \endash Specify the amount of colours in the image. Usually 24 bit colour. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Capture Width/Height}{\insrsid475446 \endash As per local devices. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Orientation}{\insrsid475446 \endash As per local devices. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Timestamp\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Timestamp Label Format}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 This relates to the timestamp that is applied to each frame. It is a \lquote strftime\rquote style string. It is actually passed through strftime and then through printf to add the monitor n ame so a format of '%%s - %y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S' (note the double % at the beginning) would be recommended though you can modify it if necessary. If you don\rquote t want a timestamp or have a camera that puts one on itself then leave this field blank. If you add a second %%s placeholder in the string this will be filled by any of the \lquote show text\rquote detailed in the zmtriggers.pl section. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Timestamp Label X/Y}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 The X and Y values determine where to put the timestamp. A value of 0 for the X value will put it on the left sid e of the image and a Y value of 0 will place it at the top of the image. To place the timestamp at the bottom of the image use a value eight less than the image height. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Buffers\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Image Buffer Size}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 This option determines how many frames are held in the ring buffer at any one time. The ring buffer is the storage space where the last \lquote n\rquote images are kept, ready to be resurrected on an alarm or just kept waiting to be analysed. It can be any value you like with a couple of provisos, (see next options). How ever it is stored in shared memory and making it too large especially for large images with a high colour depth can use a lot of memory. A value of no more than 50 is usually ok. If you find that your system will not let you use the value you want it is probably because your system has an arbitrary limit on the size of shared memory that may be used even though you may have plenty of free memory available. This limit is usually fairly easy to change, see the Troubleshooting section for details. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Warm-up Frames \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies how many frames the analysis daemon should process but not examine when it starts. This allows it to generate an accurate reference image from a series of images before looking too carefully for any changes. I use a value of 25 here, t oo high and it will take a long time to start, too low and you will get false alarms when the analysis daemon starts up. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Pre/Post Event Image Buffer}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 These options determine how many frames from before and after an event should be preserved with it. This allows you to view what happened immediately prior and subsequent to the event. A value of 10 for both of these will get you started but if you get a lot of short events and would prefer them to run together to form fewer longer ones then increase the Pos t Event buffer size. The pre-event buffer is a true buffer and should not really exceed half the ring buffer size. However the post-event buffer is just a count that is applied to captured frames and so can be managed more flexibly. You should also bear in mind the frame rate of the camera when choosing these values. For instance a network camera capturing at 1FPS will give you 10 seconds before and after each event if you chose 10 here. This may well be too much and pad out events more than necessary. Howe ver a fast video card may capture at 25FPS and you will want to ensure that this setting enables you to view a reasonable time frame pre and post event. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Alarm Frame Count}{\insrsid475446 \endash This option allows you to specify how many consecutive alarm frames must occur befor e an alarm event is generated. The usual, and default, value is 1 which implies that any alarm frame will cause or participate in an event. You can enter any value up to 16 here to eliminate bogus events caused perhaps by screen flickers or other transien ts. Values over 3 or 4 are unlikely to be useful however. Please note that if you have statistics recording enabled then currently statistics are not recorded for the first \lquote Alarm Frame Count\rquote -1 frames of an event. So if you set this value to 5 then the first 4 frames will be missing statistics whereas the more usual value of 1 will ensure that all alarm frames have statistics recorded. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote }{\insrsid475446\charrsid10123166 Control\rquote Tab}{ \insrsid475446 \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Note: This tab and its options will only appear if you have selected the ZM_OPT_CONTROL option to indicated t hat your system contains cameras which are able to be controlled via Pan/Tilt/Zoom or other mechanisms. See the Camera Control section elsewhere in this document for further details on camera control protocols and methods. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Controllable \endash }{\insrsid475446 Check this box to indicate your camera can be controlled. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Control Type \endash }{\insrsid475446 Select the control type that is appropriate for your camera. ZoneMinder ships with a small number of predefined control protocols which will works with some cameras without modification but which may h ave to amended to function with others, Choose the edit link to create new control types or to edit the existing ones. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Control Device \endash }{\insrsid475446 This is the device that is used to control your camera. This will normally be a serial or similar port. If your camera is a network camera, you will generally not need to specify a control device. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Control Address \endash }{\insrsid475446 This is the address of your camera. Some control protocols require that each camera is identified by a particular, usually numeric id. If your camera uses addres sing then enter the id of your camera here. If your camera is a network camera then you will usually need to enter the hostname or IP address of it here. This is ordinarily the same as that given for the camera itself. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Auto Stop Timeout \endash }{\insrsid475446 Some cameras only support a continuous mode of movement. For instance you tell the camera to pan right and then when it is aligned correctly you tell it to stop. In some cases it is difficult to time this precisely over a web interface so this option allows you to specify an automatic timeout where the command will be automatically stopped. So a value of 0.25 here can tell the script to stop moving a quarter of a second after starting. This allows a more precise method of fine control. If this value is left blank or at zer o it will be ignored, if set then it will be used as the timeout however it will only be applied for the lower 25% of possible speed ranges. In other words if your camera has a pan speed range of 1 to 100 then selecting to move at 26 or over will be assume d to imply that you want a larger movement that you can control yourself and no timeout will be applied. Selecting motion at lower speeds will be interpreted as requiring finer control and the automatic timeout will be invoked. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Track Motion \endash }{\insrsid475446 This and the f ollowing four options are used with the experimental motion function. This will only work if your camera supports mapped movement modes where a point on an image can be mapped to a control command. This is generally most common on network cameras but can be replicated to some degree on other cameras that support relative movement modes. See the Camera Control section for more details. Check this box to enable motion tracking. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Track Delay \endash }{\insrsid475446 This is the number of seconds to suspend motion detection for follow ing any movement that the camera may make to track motion. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Return Location \endash }{\insrsid475446 If you camera supports a \lquote home\rquote position or presets you can choose which preset the camera should return to after tracking motion. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Return Delay \endash }{\insrsid475446 This is the delay, in seconds, once motion has stopped being detected, before the camera returns to any defined return location. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote }{\insrsid475446\charrsid10123166 X10\rquote Tab}{ \insrsid475446 \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Note: This tab and its options will only appear if you have indicated that your system supports the X10 home automation protocol during initial system configuration. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 X10 Activation String}{\insrsid475446 - The contents of this field determine when a monitor starts and/or stops being active when running in \lquote Triggered; mode and with X10 triggers. The format of this string is as follows, \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 n}{\insrsid475446 : If you simply enter a number then the monitor will be activated when an X10 ON signal for that unit code is detected and will be deactivated when an OFF signal is detected. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 !n}{\insrsid475446 : This inverts the previous mode, e.g. !5 means that the monitor is activated when an OFF signal for unit code 5 is detected and deactivated by an ON. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 n+}{\insrsid475446 : Entering a unit code followed by + means that the monitor is activated on receipt of a ON signal for that unit code but will ignore the OFF signal and as such will not be deactivated by this instruction. If yo u prepend a '!' as per the previous definition it similarly inverts the mode, i.e. the ON signal deactivates the monitor. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 n+}{\insrsid475446 : As per the previous mode except that the monitor will deactivate itself after the given number of seconds. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 n-}{\insrsid475446 : Entering a unit code followed by - means that the monitor is deactivated on receipt of a OFF signal for that unit code but will ignore the ON signal and as such will not be activated by this instruction. If you prepend a '!' as per the previous definition it simi larly inverts the mode, i.e. the OFF signal activates the monitor. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li720\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 n-}{\insrsid475446 : As per the previous mode except that the monitor will activate itself after the given number of seconds. \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 You can also combine several of these expressions to by separating them with a comma to create multiple circumstances of activation. However for now leave this blank. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 X10 Input Alarm String}{\insrsid475446 - This has the same format as the previous field but instead of activating the monitor with will cause a forced alarm to be generated and an event recorded if the monitor is Active. The same definition as above applies except that for activated read alarmed and for deactivated read unalarmed(!). Again leave this blank for now. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 X10 Output Alarm String}{\insrsid475446 - This X10 string also has the same form at as the two above options. However it works in a slightly different way. Instead of ZoneMinder reacting to X10 events this option controls how ZoneMinder emits X10 signals when the current monitor goes into or comes out of the alarm state. Thus just ent e ring a number will cause the ON signal for that unit code to be sent when going into alarm state and the OFF signal when coming out of alarm state. Similarly 7+30 will send the unit code 7 ON signal when going into alarm state and the OFF signal 30 second s later regardless of state. The combination of the X10 instruction allows ZoneMinder to react intelligently to, and also assume control of, other devices when necessary. However the indiscriminate use of the Input Alarm and Output Alarm signals can cause some horrendous race conditions such as a light going on in response to an alarm which then causes an alarm itself and so on. Thus some circumspection is required here. Leave this blank for now anyway. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Misc\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446 Event Prefix}{\insrsid475446 \endash By default events are named \lquote Event- \rquote , however you are free to rename them individually as you wish. This option lets you modify the event prefix, the \lquote Event-\lquote part, to be a value of your choice so that events are named differently as they are generated. This allows you to name events according to which monitor generated them. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Section Length}{\insrsid475446 \endash This specifies the length (in seconds) of any fixed length events produced when the monitor function is \lquote Record\rquote or \lquote Mocord\rquote . Otherwise it is ignored. This should not be so long that events are difficult to navigate nor so short that too many events are generated. A length of between 300 and 900 seconds I recommended. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Frame Skip }{\insrsid475446 \endash This setting also applies only to the \lquote Record\rquote or \lquote Mocord\rquote functions and specifies how many frames should be skipped in the recorded events. The default setting of zero results in every captured frame being saved. Using a value of one would mean that one frame is skipped between each saved, two means that two frames are skipped between each saved frame etc. An alternate way of thinking is that one in every \lquote Frame Skip + 1\rquote frames is saved. The point of this is to ensure that saved events do not take up too much space unnecessarily whilst still allowing the camera to capture at a fairly high frame rate. The altern ate approach is to limit the capture frame rate which will obviously affect the rate at which frames are saved. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 FPS Report Interval}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 How often the current performance in terms of Frames Per Second is output to the system log. Not used in any functional wa y so set it to maybe 1000 for now. If you watch /var/log/messages (normally) you will see this value being emitted at the frequency you specify both for video capture and processing. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Default Scale \endash }{\insrsid475446 If your monitor has been defined with a particularly larg e or small image size then you can choose a default scale here with which to view the monitor so it is easier or more visible from the web interface. \par }\pard \s23\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Web Colour}{\insrsid475446 }{\b\insrsid475446 \endash }{\insrsid475446 Some elements of ZoneMinder now use colours to identify monitors on certain views. You can select which colour is used for each monitor here. Any specification that is valid for HTML colours is valid here, e.g. \lquote red\rquote or \lquote #ff0000 \rquote . A small swatch next to the input box displays the colour you have chosen. \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Finally, click 'Save' to add your monitor. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 O n the main console listing you will now see your monitor and some of its vital statistics. Most columns are also links and you get to other functions of ZoneMinder by choosing the appropriate one. Describing them left to right, they are as follows. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The first column is the Id, clicking on this gives you the opportunity to edit any of the settings you have just defined your monitor to have. \par The next column is the Name column, clicking on this will give you the watch window where you can view a live feed from your camera along with recent events. This is described more fully below. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Following that are the Function and Source columns, which may be represented in various colours. Initially both will be showing red. This means that that monitor is not configured fo r any function and as a consequence has no zmc (capture) daemon running on it. If it were orange it would mean that a zmc daemon was running but no zma (analysis) daemon and green means both are running. In our case it is red because we defined the Monito r to have a Function of N}{\insrsid4615107 one so no daemons are required. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 To get the daemons up and running you can either click on the source listed in the Source column and edit the monitor properties or click on the Function listed and change it to \rquote Monitor\rquote , which will ensure that one or more appropriate daemons are started automatically. You need to ensure that you have started ZoneMinder before any of these settings actually has any effect. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Having a device status of red or orange does not necessarily constitute an erro r if you have deliberately disabled a monitor or have just put it into Passive mode. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you have several cameras (and thus monitors) on a device the device status colour reflects all of them for the capture daemon. So if just one monitor is active then the daemon is active for both even if all the other monitors are switched off. \par Once you have changed the function of your monitor, the main console window will be updated to reflect this change. If your device status does not go green then check your system and web server logs to see if it's something obvious. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 You can now add further monitors if you have cameras set up to support them. Once you have one or more monitors you may notice the ' Monitors' title becomes a link. Clicking on this link will open up a window which allows you to assign your monitors to groups. These let you select certain monitors to view. For instance you may only wish to view outdoor monitors while indoors. You can also choose to view all of them. If you choose a group then your sel ection will be remembered via a cookie and will be used until you change it. You can call your groups anything you like, though \lquote Mobile\rquote has a special meaning (see M}{\insrsid4615107 obile Devices below). \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 There may also be a \lquote Cycle\rquote link which allows you to cycle through a s hot from each of your monitors (in the selected group unless they are switched off) and get a streamed or still image from each in turn. Similarly if you see a link titled \lquote Montage\rquote it will allow you view all your active enabled cameras (in the selected group) simultaneously. Be aware however that this can consume large amounts of bandwidth and CPU so should not be used continuously unless you have resource to burn. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901713}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.2.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Defining Zones{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901713} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 The next important thing to do with a new monitor is set up Zones for it to use. By default you'll already have one generated for you when you created your monitor but you might want to modify it or add others. Click on the Zones column for your monitor and you should see a small popup window appear which contains an image from y o ur camera overlain with a stippled pattern representing your zone. In the default case this will cover the whole image. The colour of the zones appearing here is determined by what type they are. The default zone is Active and so will be red, Inclusive zo nes are orange, exclusive zones are purple, preclusive zones are blue and inactive zones are white. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Beneath the zones image will be a table containing a listing of your zones. Clicking on either the relevant bit of the image or on the Id or Name in the tabl e will bring up another window where you can edit the particulars for your Zones. As you can see there are quite a few, so now is a good time to go through them. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The Zone view is split into two main areas, on the left is the options are area and on the rig ht is the zone drawing area. A default or new zone will cover the whole drawing area and will overlay any other zones you already have on there. Unlike the previous zones image, the current zone is coloured green, other zones will be orange regardless of t ype. Your first task is to decide if you want the zone over the whole image or whether you can narrow down the detection area; the smaller the zone, the less processing time it takes to examine it. If you wish to the edit the dimensions of the zone you ca n either manually fill in the table containing the zone points under the image, or click on the zone corners once to select it (it should turn red), and then click on the desired location to relocate it. Moving your mouse over a point will highlight the co rresponding entry in the points table and vice versa. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 To add a new point, click on the \lquote +\rquote next to the point entry in the point table. This will add another point directly between that and the next point. To delete a point, select it, and then click on the \lquote -\lquote link. The \lquote X\rquote that appears in the same area just allows you to deselect that point and leave it in the same place. You can make zones almost any shape you like; except that zones may not self-intersect (i.e. edges crossing over each other) . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Once you have your zone the correct size and shape, you should now fill in the rest of the configuration. These options are as follows. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Name}{\insrsid475446 \endash This is just a label to identify the zone by. You can change this to be more representative if you like, though it isn't us ed much except for logging and debugging. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 Type}{\insrsid475446 - This is one of the more important concepts in ZoneMinder and there are five to choose from. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s16\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls18\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid4282705 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Active}{\insrsid4282705 -}{\insrsid475446 This is the zone type you'll use most often, and which will be set for your default zone. This means that this zone will trigger an alarm on any events that occur within it that meet the selection criteria. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s16\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls18\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid4282705 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Inclusive}{\insrsid4282705 -}{\insrsid475446 This zone type can be used for any zones that you want to trigger an alarm only if at least one other Active zone has already triggered one. T his might be for example to cover an area of the image like a plant or tree which moves a lot and which would trigger lots of alarms. Perhaps this is behind an area you'd like to monitor though, in this case you'd create an active zone covering the non-mo v ing parts and an inclusive zone covering the tree perhaps with less sensitive detection settings also. If something triggered an alarm in the Active zone and also in the Inclusive zone they would both be registered and the resulting alarm would be that mu ch bigger than if you had blanked it out altogether. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s16\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls18\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid4282705 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Exclusive}{\insrsid4282705 \--}{\insrsid475446 The next zone Type is Exclusive. This means that alarms will only be triggered in this zone if no alarms have already been triggered in Active zones. This is the most specialised of the zone types and you may never use it but in its place it is very useful. For instance in the camera covering my garden I keep watch for a hedgehog that visits most nights and scoffs the food out of my cats bowls. By creating a sensitive Exclusive zone in that a r ea I can ensure that a hedgehog alarm will only trigger if there is activity in that small area. If something much bigger occurs, like someone walking by it will trigger a regular alarm and not one from the Exclusive zone. Thus I can ensure I get alarms f or big events and also special small events but not the noise in between. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s16\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls18\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid4282705 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Preclusive}{\insrsid4282705 -}{\insrsid475446 This zone type is relatively recent. It is called a Preclusive zone because if it is triggered it actually precludes an alarm being generated for that image frame. So mot ion or other changes that occur in a Preclusive zone will have the effect of ensuring that no alarm occurs at all. The application for this zone type is primarily as a shortcut for detecting general large-scale lighting or other changes. Generally this ma y be achieved by limiting the maximum number of alarm pixels or other measure in an Active zone. However in some cases that zone may cover an area where the area of variable illumination occurs in different places as the sun and/or shadows move and it thus may be difficult to come up with general values. Additionally, if the sun comes out rapidly then although the initial change may be ignored in this way as the reference image catches up an alarm may ultimately be triggered as the image becomes less differ e nt. Using one or more Preclusive zones offers a different approach. Preclusive zones are designed to be fairly small, even just a few pixels across, with quite low alarm thresholds. They should be situated in areas of the image that are less likely to hav e motion occur such as high on a wall or in a corner. Should a general illumination change occur they would be triggered at least as early as any Active zones and prevent any other zones from generating an alarm. Obviously careful placement is required to ensure that they do not cancel any genuine alarms or that they are not so close together that any motion just hops from one Preclusive zone to another. As always, the best way is to experiment a little and see what works for you. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s16 \fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af2\hich\af2\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af2\dbch\af0\loch\f2 o\tab}}\pard \s16\qj \fi-360\li993\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls18\rin0\lin993\itap0\pararsid4282705 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Inactive}{\insrsid4282705 -}{\insrsid475446 This final zone type is the opposite of Active. In this zone type no alarms will ever be reported. You can create an Inactive zone to cover any areas in which nothing notable will ever happen or where you get constant false alarms that don't relate to what you are trying to monitor. An Inactive zone can overlay other zone types and will be processed first. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\insrsid475446 It was mentioned above that Inactive zones may be overlaid on other zones to blank out areas however as a general principle you should try and make zones abut each other as much as possible and not overlap. This helps avoid repeated duplicate processing of the same area. For instance an Inclusive zone overlaying an Active zone when all other settings are the same will always trigger when the Active zone does which somewh at defeats the object of the exercise. One exception to this is Preclusive zones. These may be situated within Active areas are they are processed first and if small may actually save processing time by preventing full analysis of the image. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Presets}{\insrsid475446 \endash This contains a predefined list of some common zone settings. Selecting one will fill in some of the other fields in the page and help you to pick appropriate values for your zones. Note that it may be that none of the presets will be appropriate for your purp oses so it is worth going through the individual options below to ensure that each has a sensible value. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Units}{\insrsid475446 - This setting which details whether certain of the following settings are in Pixels or Percent, where \lquote Percent\rquote refers to a percentage area of the zone itself. In general \lquote Pixels\rquote is more precise whereas percentages are easier to use to start with or if you change image sizes frequently. If you change this setting all appropriate values below are redisplayed in the correct context. A good tip woul d be to initially enter the settings in Percent and then change to Pixels if you wish to be more precise. Be aware though that repeated flipping between the settings may cause rounding errors. Note, the sense of the percentage values refers to the area of the zone and not the image as a whole. This makes trying to work out necessary sizes rather easier. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Alarm Colour }{\insrsid475446 - The option after that allows you to specify what colour you'd like any alarms this zone generates to be highlighted on images. Pick anything you like that will show up against your normal image background. This option is irrelevant for Preclusive and Inactive zones and will be disabled. For Inactive zones all subsequent options are likewise disabled. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Alarm Check Method }{\insrsid475446 \endash This setting allows you to specify the nature of the alarm checking that will take place, and more specifically what tests are applied to determine whether a frame represents an alarm or not. The three options are \lquote AlarmPixels\rquote , \lquote FilteredPixels\rquote and \lquote Blobs\rquote and depending on which option is chosen some of the following other settings may become unavailable. The first of these indicates that only a count of individual alarmed pixels should be used to determine the state of a image, the second indicate that the pixels should be filt ered to remove isolated pixels (see below) before being counted, and the third uses a more sophisticated analysis which is designed to aggregate alarmed pixels into continuous groups, or \lquote blobs\rquote . Blob analysis default, however this method takes slightly lon ger and so if you find that one of the other methods works just as well for you and you wish to maximise performance you can opt for that instead. Some of the more useful alarm related features such as highlighted analysis images are only available with t he \lquote Blob\rquote setting. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Min/Maximum Pixel Threshold}{\insrsid475446 \endash These setting are used to define limits for the difference in value between a pixel and its predecessor in the reference image. For greyscale images this is simple but for colour images the colours are averag ed first, originally this used an RMS (root mean squared) algorithm but calculating square roots mugs performance and does not seem to improve detection. Using an average means that subtle colour changes without any brightness change may go undetected but this is not the normal circumstance. There is also the option to use a more sophisticated integer algorithm to calculate a Y (or brightness) value from the colours themselves. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Filter Width/Height}{\insrsid475446 \endash To improve detection of valid event ZoneMinder applies sev eral other functions to the data to improve its ability to distinguish interesting signals from uninteresting noise. The first of these is a filter that removes any pixels that do not participate in a contiguous block of pixels above a certain size. These options are always expressed in pixels and should be fairly small, and an odd number, three or five is a good value to choose initially. Application of this filter removes any tiny or discontinuous pixels that don't form part of a discrete block. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Zone Area}{\insrsid475446 \endash This field differs from the others in that it may not be written to. It is there purely as a useful reference, when working in pixel units, of the area of the zone. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Min/Maximum Alarmed Area}{\insrsid475446 - The following two settings define the minimum and maximum nu mber of pixels that exceed this threshold that would cause an alarm. If the units are Percent this (and following options) refers to the percentage of the frame and not the zone, this is so these values can be related between zones. The minimum value must be matched or exceeded for an alarm to be generated whereas the maximum must not be exceeded or the alarm will be cancelled. This is to allow for sudden changes such as lights coming on etc, which you may wish to disregard. In general a value of zero for a ny of these settings causes that value to be ignored, so you can safely set a maximum to zero and it will not be used. The use of just a number of pixels is however a very brute force method of detection as many small events dispersed widely are not disti nguished from a compact one. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Min/Maximum Filtered Area}{\insrsid475446 \endash These are two additional bounds that specify the limits of pixels that would cause an alarm after this filtering process. As the filtering process can only remove alarmed pixels it makes no sense for the Minimum and Maximum Filtered Area to be larger than the equivalent Alarmed Area and in general they should be smaller or the same. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Min/Maximum Blob Area}{\insrsid475446 - The next step in the analysis phase is the collation of any remaining alarmed areas into contiguo us blobs. This process parses the image and forms any pixels that adjoin other alarmed pixels into one or more larger blobs. These blobs may be any shape and can be as large as the zone itself or as small as the filtered size. The Minimum and Maximum Blob Size settings allow you to define limits within which an alarm will be generated. Of these only the Minimum is likely to be very useful. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li540\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin540\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 Min/Maximum Blobs }{\insrsid475446 - Finally the Minimum and Maximum Blobs settings specify the limits of the actual number of blobs det ected. If an image change satisfies all these requirements it starts or continues an alarm event. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901714}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.3.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Viewing Monitors{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901714} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 As this point you should have one or more Monitors running with one or more Zones each. Returning to the main Console window you will see you r monitors listed once more. The columns not explored so far are the Monitor name, and various event totals for certain periods of time. Clicking on any of the event totals will bring up a variation on the same window but click on the Monitor name for now . If it is not a link then this means that that monitor is not running so ensure that you have started ZoneMinder and that your Monitor function is not set to \lquote None\rquote . If the link works, clicking on it will pop another window up which should be scaled to contain a heading, an image from your monitor, a status and a list of recent eve}{\insrsid4615107 nts if any have been generated. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Depending on whether you are able to view a streamed image or not the image frame will either be this stream or a series of stills. You have the op tion to change from one to the other (if available) at the centre of the top heading. Also along the top are a handful of other links. These let you change the scale of the image stream, modify image settings (for local devices) or close the window. If yo u have cameras that can be controlled, a \lquote Control\rquote link should also be present which is described below. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The image should be self-explanatory but if it looks like garbage it is possible that the video configuration is wrong so look in your system error log and check for or report anything unusual. The centre of the window will have a tiny frame that just contains a status; this will be 'Idle', 'Alarm' or 'Alert' depending on the function of the Monitor and what's going on in the field of view. Idle means no thing is happening, Alarm means there is an alarm in progress and Alert means that an alarm has happened and the monitor is \lquote cooling down\rquote , if another alarm is generated in this time it will just become part of the same event. These indicators are colour coded in green, red and amber. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 By default if you have minimised this window or opened other windows in front it will pop up to the front if it goes to Alarm state. This behaviour can be turned off in \lquote options\rquote if required. You can also specify a sound file i n the configuration, which will be played when an alarm occurs to alert you to the fact if you are not in front of your computer. This should be a short sound of only a couple of seconds ideally. Note that as the status is refreshed every few seconds it i s possible for this not to alert you to every event that takes place, so you shouldn't rely on it for this purpose if you expect very brief events. Alternatively you can decrease the refresh interval for this window in the configuration though having too f requent refreshing may impact on performance. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Below the status is a list of recent events that have occurred, by default this is a listing of just the last 10 but clicking on 'All' will give you a full list and 'Archive' will take you to the event archive for this monitor, more on this later. Clicking on any of the column headings will sort the events appropriately. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 From here you can also delete events if you wish. The events themselves are listed with the event id, and event name (which you can change), the time that the event occurred, the length of the event including any preamble and postamble frames, the number of frames comprising the event with the number that actually contain an alarm in brackets and finally a score. This column lists the average score per alarm frame as well as the maximum score that any alarm frame had. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The score is an arbitrary value that essentially represents the percentage of pixels in the zone that are in blobs divided by the square root of the number of blobs and then divide d by the size of the zone. This gives a nominal maximum of 100 for a zone and the totals for each zone are added together, Active zones scores are added unchanged, Inclusive zones are halved first and Exclusive zones are doubled. In reality values are lik ely to be much less than 100 but it does give a simple indication of how major the event was. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901715}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.4.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Controlling Monitors{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901715} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 If you have defined your system as having controllable monitors and you are looking at a monitor that is configured for control, then clicking on the \lquote Control\rquote link along the top of the window will change the short event listing area to a control area. The capabilities you have defined earlier determine exactly what is displayed in this window. Generally you will have a Pan/Tilt control area alo ng with one or subsidiary areas such as zoom or focus control to the side. If you have preset support then these will be near the bottom of the window. The normal method of controlling the monitor is by clicking on the appropriate graphics which then send a command via the control script to the camera itself. This may sometimes take a noticeable delay before the camera responds. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 It is usually the case that the control arrows are sensitive to where you click on them. If you have a camera that allows differen t speeds to be used for panning or zooming etc then clicking near the point of the arrow will invoke the faster speed whilst clicking near the base of the arrow will be slower. If you have defined continuous motion then ongoing activities can be stopped b y clicking on the area between the arrows, which will either be a graphic in the case of pan/tilt controls or a word in the case }{\insrsid4615107 of zoom and focus controls etc. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Certain control capabilities such as mapped motion allow direct control by clicking on the image itself when used in browsers which support streamed images directly. Used in this way you can just click on the area of the image that interests you and the camera will centre on that spot. You can also use direct image control for relative motion when t h e area of the image you click on defines the direction and the distance away from the centre of the image determines the speed. As it is not always very easy to estimate direction near the centre of the image, the active area does not start until a short distance away from the centre, resulting in a \lquote dead\rquote zone in the middle of the image. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901716}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.5.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Filtering Events{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901716} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 The other columns on the main console window contain various event totals for your monitors over the last hour, day, week and month as well as a grand tot al and a total for events that you may have archived for safekeeping. Clicking on one of these totals or on the 'All' or 'Archive' links from the monitor window described above will present you with a new display. This is the full event window and contain s a list of events selected according to a filter which will also pop up in its own window. Thus if you clicked on a 'day' total the filter will indicate that this is the period for which events are being filtered. The event listing window contains a simil a r listing to the recent events in the monitor window. The primary differences are that the frames and alarm frames and the score and maximum score are now broken out into their own columns, all of which can be sorted by clicking on the heading. Also this window will not refresh automatically, rather only on request. Other than that, you can choose to view events here or delete them as before. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The other window that appeared is a filter window. You can use this window to create your own filters or to modify e xisting ones. You can even save your favourite filters to re-use at a future date. Filtering itself is fairly simple; you first choose how many expressions you'd like your filter to contain. Changing this value will cause the window to redraw with a corre s ponding row for each expression. You then select what you want to filter on and how the expressions relate by choosing whether they are 'and' or 'or' relationships. For filters comprised of many expressions you will also get the option to bracket parts of the filter to ensure you can express it as desired. Then if you like choose how you want your results sorted and whether you want to limit the amount of events displayed. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 There are several different elements to an event that you can filter on, some of whic h require further explanation. These are as follows, 'Date/Time' which must evaluate to a date and a time together, 'Date' and 'Time' which are variants which may only contain the relevant subsets of this, 'Weekday' which as}{\insrsid4282705 expected is a day of the week. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 All of the preceding elements take a very flexible free format of dates and time based on the PHP strtotime function (http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.strtotime.php). This allows values such as 'last Wednesday' etc to be entered. I recommend acquaint i ng yourself with this function to see what the allowed formats are. However automated filters are run in perl and so are parsed by the Date::Manip package. Not all date formats are available in both so if you are saved your filter to do automatic deletion s or other tasks you should make sure that the date and time format you use is compatible with both methods. The safest type of format to use is \lquote -3 day\rquote or similar with easily parseable numbers and units are in English. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The other }{\insrsid6642849 things}{\insrsid475446 you can filter on are all fairly self explanatory}{\insrsid6642849 ,}{\insrsid475446 except perhaps for 'Archived' which you can use to include or exclude Archived events. In general you'll probably do most filtering on un-archived events. There are also two elements, Disk Blocks and Disk Percent which don\rquote t directly relate to the events themselves but to the disk partition on which the events are stored. These allow you to specify an amount of disk usage either in blocks or in percentage as returned by the \lquote df\rquote command. They relate to the amount of disk spac e used and not the amount left free. Once your filter is specified, clicking 'submit' will filter the events according to your specification. As the disk based elements are not event related directly if you create a filter and include the term \lquote DiskPercent > 95\rquote then if your current disk usage is over that amount when you submit the filter then all events will be listed whereas if it is less then none at all will. As such the disk related terms will tend to be used mostly for automatic filters (see below). If you have created a filter you want to keep, you can name it and save it by clicking 'Save'. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you do this then the subsequent dialog will also allow you specify whether you want this filter automatically applied in order to delete events or upload even ts via ftp to another server and mail notifications of events to one or more email accounts. Emails and messages (essentially small emails intended for mobile phones or pagers) have a }{\insrsid6642849 format defined in the Options screen, and may include }{\insrsid475446 a variety of token s that can be substituted for various details of the event that caused them. This includes links to the event view or the filter as well as the option of attaching images or videos to the email itself. }{\insrsid12547563 Be aware that tokens that represent links may require you to log in to access the actual page, and sometimes may function differently when viewed outside of the general ZoneMinder context. The tokens you can use are as follows.}{\insrsid6642849 \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12547563 {\insrsid12547563 %EI%\tab Id of the event\line %EN%\tab Name of the event\line %ET%\tab Time of the event\line %ED%\tab Duration of the event \line %EF%\tab Number of frames in the event\line %EFA%\tab Number of alarm frames in the event\line %EST%\tab Total score of the event\line %ESA%\tab Average score of the event\line %ESM%\tab Maximum score of the event\line %EP% \tab Path to the event\line %EPS%\tab Path to the event stream\line %EPI%\tab Path to the event images\line %EPI1%\tab Path to the first alarmed event image\line %EPIM%\tab Path to the (first) event image with the highest score\line %EI1%\tab Attach first alarmed event image\line %EIM%\tab Attach (first) event image with the highest score\line %EV%\tab Attach event mpeg video\line }{\insrsid6642849 %MN%\tab Name of the monitor\line %MET%\tab Total number of events for the monitor\line %MEH%\tab Number of events for the monitor in the last hour\line %MED%\tab Number of events for the monitor in the last day\line %MEW%\tab Number of events for the monitor in the last week\line %MEM%\tab Number of events for the monitor in the last month\line %MEA%\tab Number of archived events for the monitor\line %MP%\tab Path to the monitor window\line %MPS%\tab Path to the monitor stream\line %MPI% \tab Path to the monitor recent image\line %FN%\tab }{\insrsid12547563 N}{\insrsid6642849 ame of the current filter that matched\line %FP%\tab }{\insrsid12547563 P}{\insrsid6642849 ath to the current filter that matched}{\insrsid12547563 \line %ZP% \tab Path to your ZoneMinder console \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4155430 {\insrsid475446 Finally you can also specify a script which is run on each matched event. This scrip t should be readable and executable by your web server user. It will get run once per event and the relative path to the directory containing the event in question. Normally this will be of the form / so from this path you can derive both the monitor name and event id and perform any action you wish. Note that arbitrary commands are not allowed to be specified in the filter, for security the only thing it may contain is the full path to an executable. What that contains is entirely up to you however. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Filtering is a powerful mechanism you can use to eliminate events that fit a certain pattern however in many cases modifying the zone settings will better address this. Where it really comes into its own is generally in applying time filter s, so for instance events that happen during weekdays or at certain times of the day are highlighted, uploaded or deleted. Additionally using disk related terms in your filters means you can automatically create filters that delete the oldest events when y our disk gets full. Be warned however that if you use this strategy then you should limit the returned results to the amount of events you want deleted in each pass until the disk usage is at an acceptable level. If you do not do this then the first pass w hen the disk usage is high will match, and then delete, all events unless you have used other criteria inside of limits. ZoneMinder ships with a sample filter already installed, though disabled. The PurgeWhenFull filter can be used to delete the oldest ev ents when your disk starts filling up. To use it you should select and load it in the filter interface, modify it to your requirements, and then save it making you sure you check the \lquote Delete Matching Events\rquote option. This will then run in the background and ensure that your disk does not fill up with events. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901717}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.6.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Viewing Events{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901717} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 From the monitor or filtered events listing you can now click on an event to view it in more detail. If you have streaming capability you will see a series of images that make up the event. Under that you should also see a progress bar. Depending on your configuration this will either be static or will be filled in to indicate how far through the event you are. By default this functionality is turned off for low bandwidth settings as the im age delivery tends to not be able to keep up with real-time and the progress bar cannot take this into account. Regardless of whether the progress bar updates, you can click on it to navigate to particular points in the events. \par You will also see a link to a llow you to view the still images themselves. If you don't have streaming then you will be taken directly to this page. The images themselves are thumbnail size and depending on the configuration and bandwidth you have chosen will either be the full image s scaled in your browser of actual scaled images. If it is the latter, if you have low bandwidth for example, it may take a few seconds to generate the images. If thumbnail images are required to be generated, they will be kept and not re-generated in futu re. Once the images appear you can mouse over them to get the image sequence number and the image score. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 You will notice for the first time that alarm images now contain an overlay outlining the blobs that represent the alarmed area. This outline is in the colour defined for that zone and lets you see what it was that caused the alarm. Clicking on one of the thumbnails will take you to a full size window where you can see the image in all its detail and scroll through the various images that make up the eve n t. If you have the ZM_RECORD_EVENT_STATS option on, you will be able to click the 'Stats' link here and get some analysis of the cause of the event. Should you determine that you don't wish to keep the event, clicking on Delete will erase it from the data b ase and file system. Returning to the event window, other options here are renaming the event to something more meaningful, refreshing the window to replay the event stream, deleting the event, switching between streamed and still versions of the event (i f supported) and generating an MPEG video of the event (if supported). \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 These last two options require further explanation. Archiving an event means that it is kept to one side and not displayed in the normal event listings unless you specifically ask to vie w the archived events. This is useful for keeping events that you think may be important or just wish to protect. Once an event is archived it can be deleted or unarchived but you cannot accidentally delete it when viewing normal unarchived events. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The fin al option of generating an MPEG video is still somewhat experimental and its usefulness may vary. It uses the open source ffmpeg encoder to generate short videos, which will be downloaded to your browsing machine or viewed in place. When using the ffmpeg e ncoder, ZoneMinder will attempt to match the duration of the video with the duration of the event. Ffmpeg has a particularly rich set of options and you can specify during configuration which additional options you may wish to include to suit your prefere n ces. In particular you may need to specify additional, or different, options if you are creating videos of events with particularly slow frame rates as some codecs only support certain ranges of frame rates. Details of these options can be found in the do cumentation for the encoders and is outside the scope of this document. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 Building an MPEG video, especially for a large event, can take some time and should not be undertaken lightly as the effect on your host box of many CPU intensive encoders will not be g ood. However once a video has been created for an event it will be kept so subsequent viewing will not incur the generation overhead. Videos can also be included in notification emails, however care should be taken when using this option as for many frequ ent events the penalty in CPU and disk space can quickly mount up. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901718}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 8.7.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Options and Users{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901718} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 The final area covered by the tutorial is the options and user section. If you are running in authenticated mode and don\rquote t have system privileges then you will not see this section at all and if you are running in un-authenticated mode then no user section will be displayed. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The various options you can specify are displayed in a tabbed dialog with each group of options displayed under a different heading. Each option is disp layed with its name, a short description and the current value. You can also click on the \lquote ?\rquote link following each description to get a fuller explanation about each option. This is the same as you would get from zmconfig.pl. A number of option groups have a master option near the top which enables or disables the whole group so you should be aware of the state of this before modifying options and expecting them to make any difference. \par If you have changed the value of an option you should then \lquote save\rquote it. A n umber of the option groups will then prompt you to let you know that the option(s) you have changed will require a system restart. This is not done automatically in case you will be changing many values in the same session, however once you have made all o f your changes you should restart ZoneMinder as soon as possible. The reason for this is that web and some scripts will pick up the new changes immediately but some of the daemons will still be using the old values and this can lead to data inconsistency or loss. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 One of the options you may notice in the \lquote System\rquote tab allows you to specify the default language for your installation of ZoneMinder. Versions 1.17.0 and later support multiple languages but rely on users to assist in creating language files for sp ecific languages. To specify a language you will have to give the applicable code, thus for UK English this is en_gb, and for US English it would be en_us, if no language is given then UK English is assumed. Most languages will be specified in this nn_mm format and to check which languages are available look for files named zm_lang_*.php in the ZoneMinder build directory where the parts represented by the \lquote *\rquote would be what you would enter as a language. This is slightly unwieldy and will probably be improve d in future to make it easier to determine language availability. On checking which languages are available it may be that your preferred language is not currently included and if this is the case please consider doing a translation and sending it back to it may be included in future releases. All the language elements are given in the zm_lang_en_gb.php file along with a few notes to help you understand the format. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 As mentioned above, you may also see a \lquote users\rquote tab in the Options area. In this section you w ill see a list of the current users defined on the system. You can also add or delete users from here. It is recommended you do not delete the admin user unless you have created another fully privileged user to take over the same role. Each user is define d with a name and password (which is hidden) as well as an enabled setting which you can use to temporarily enable or disable users, for example a guest user for limited time access. As well as that there is a language setting that allows you to define use r specific languages. Setting a language here that is different than the system language will mean that when that user logs in they will have the web interface presented in their own language rather than the system default, if it is available. Specifying a language here is done in the same way as for the system default language described above. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 There are also five values that define the user permissions, these are \lquote Stream\rquote , \lquote Events\rquote , \lquote Control\rquote , \lquote Monitors \rquote and \lquote System\rquote Each can have values of \lquote None\rquote , \lquote View\rquote or \lquote Edit\rquote apart from \lquote Stream\rquote which has no \lquote Edit\rquote setting. These values cover access to the following areas; \lquote Stream\rquote defines whether a user is allowed to view the \lquote live\rquote video feeds coming from the cameras. You may wish to allow a user to view historical events only in which case this setting should be \lquote none\rquote . The \lquote Events\rquote setting determines whether a user can view and modify or delete any retained historical events. The \lquote Control\rquote setting allows you to indicate whether the user is able to control any Pan/Ti lt/Zoom type cameras you may have on your system. The \lquote Monitors\rquote setting specifies whether a user can see the current monitor settings and change them. Finally the \lquote System\rquote setting determines whether a user can view or modify the system settings as a whole, such as options and users or controlling the ru}{\insrsid4615107 nning of the system as a whole. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 As well as these settings there is also a \lquote Bandwidth\rquote setting which can be used to limit the maximum bandwidth that a user can view at and a \lquote Monitor Ids\rquote setting that can be used for non-\rquote System\rquote users to restrict them to only being able to access streams, events or monitors for the given monitors ids as a comma separated list with no spaces. If a user with \lquote Monitors\rquote edit privileges is limited to specific monitors here they will not be able to add or delete monitors but only change the details of those they have access to. If a user has \lquote System\rquote privileges then the \lquote Monitors Ids\rquote setting is ignored and has no effect.\rquote \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 That\rquote s pretty much is it for the tour, though there is a lo t more to ZoneMinder as you will discover. You should experiment with the various setting to get the results you think are right for your requirements. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 9.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901719} Camera Control{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901719} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Version 1.21.0 of ZoneMinder introduced a new feature, allowing you to control cameras f rom the web interface and to some extent automatically. Pan/Tilt/Zoom (PTZ) cameras have a wide range of capabilities and use a large number of different protocols making any kind of generic control solution potentially very difficult. To address this Zon eMinder uses two key approaches to get around this problem. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 1) Definition of Capabilities}{\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 \endash For each camera model you use, an entry in the camera capabilities table must be created. These indicate what functions the camera supports and ensure that the inter face presents only those capabilities that the camera supports. There are a very large number of capabilities that may be supported and it is very important that the entries in this table reflect the actual abilities of the camera. A small number of examp le capabilities are included in ZoneMinder, these can be used \lquote as is\rquote or modified.}{\insrsid475446 \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 2) Control Scripts \endash }{\insrsid475446\charrsid15794850 ZoneMinder}{\insrsid475446 itself does not generally provide the ability to send commands to cameras or receive responses. What it does is mediate motion requests from t he web interface into a standard set of commands which are passed to a script defined in the control capability. Example scripts are provided in ZoneMinder which support a number of serial or network protocols but it is likely that for many cameras new sc ripts will have to be created. These can be modelled on the example ones, or if control commands already exist from other applications, then the script can just act as a \lquote glue\rquote layer between ZoneMinder and those commands. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 It should be emphasised that the co ntrol and capability elements of ZoneMinder are not intended to be able to support every camera out of the box. Some degree of development is likely to be required for many cameras. This should often be a relatively straightforward task however if you hav e a camera that you want to be supported then please feel free to get in touch and I should be able to provide an estimate for how much effort this is likely to be. It is also the case that I have only been able to access this limited number of cameras to test against; some other cameras may use different motion paradigms that don\rquote t fit into the control capability/script architecture that ZoneMinder uses. If you come across any cameras like this then please forward as much information to me as possible so that I may be able to extend the ZoneMinder model to encompass them. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901720}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 9.1.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Control Capabilities{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901720} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 If you have a camera that supports PTZ controls and wish to use it with ZoneMinder then the first thing you need to do is ensure that it has an accurate entry in the ca pabilities table. To do this you need to go to the Control tab of the Monitor configuration dialog and select \lquote Edit\rquote where it is listed by the Control Type selection box. This will bring up a new window which lists, with a brief summary, the existing capab ilities. To edit an existing capability to modify select the Id or Name of the capability in question, or click on the Add button to add a new control capability. Either of these approaches will create a new window, in familiar style, with tabs along the top and forms fields below. In the case of the capabilities table there are a large number of settings and tabs, the mean and use of these are briefly explained below. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Main\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Name}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash This is the name of the control capability, it will usually make sense to name capabilities after the camera model or protocol being used. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Type}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash Whether the capability uses a local (usually serial) or network control protocol. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Command}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash This is the full path to a script or application that will map the standard set of ZoneMinder control commands to equivalent control protocol command. This may be one of the shipped example zmcontrol-*.pl scripts or something else entirely. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Wake}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash This is the first of the actual capability definitions. Checking this box indicates that a protocol command exists to wake up the camera from a sleeping state. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Sleep}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can be put to sleep. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Reset}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can be reset to a previously defined state. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Move\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Move}{\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera is able move, i.e. pan or tilt. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Move Diagonally }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can move diagonally. Some devices can move only vertically or horizontally at a time. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Move Mapped }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera is able internally map a point on an image to a precise degree of motion to centre that point in the image. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Move Absolute }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can move to an absolute location. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Move Relative }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can more to a relative location, e.g. 7 point left or up. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Move Continuous }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can move continuously in a defined direction until told to stop or the movement li mits are reached, e.g. left. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Pan\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Pan }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can pan, or move horizontally. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Min/Max Pan Range }{\insrsid475446 \endash If the camera supports absolute motion this is the minimum and maximum pan co-ordinates that may be specified, e.g. -100 to 100. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Min/Man Pan Step }{\insrsid475446 \endash If the camera supports relative motion, this is the minimum and maximum amount of movement that can be specified. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Has Pan Speed }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera supports specification of pan speeds. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Min/Max Pan Speed }{\insrsid475446 \endash The minimum and maximum pan speed supported. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Has Turbo Pan}{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera supports an additional turbo pan speed. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Turbo Pan Speed }{\insrsid475446 \endash The actual turbo pan speed. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Tilt\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Definition of Tilt capabilities, fields as for \lquote Pan\rquote tab. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Zoom\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Zoom }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can zoom. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Zoom Absolute }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can zoom to an absolute position. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Zoom Relative }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can zoom to a relative position. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Zoom Continuous }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can zoom continuously in or out until told to stop or the zoom limits are reached. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Min/Max Zoom Range }{\insrsid475446 \endash If the camera supports absolute zoom this is the minimum and maximum zoom amounts that may be specified. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Min/Man Zoom Step }{\insrsid475446 \endash If the camera supports relative zoom, this is the minimum and maximum amount of zoom change that can be specified. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Has Zoom Speed }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera supports specification of zoom speed. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Min/Max Zoom Speed }{\insrsid475446 \endash The minimum and maximum zoom speed supported. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Focus\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Definition of Focus capabilities, fields as for \lquote Zoom\rquote tab, but with the following additional capability. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Auto Focus }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera can focus automatically. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote White\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Definition of White Balance capabilities, fields as for \lquote Focus\rquote tab. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Iris\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 Definition of Iris Control capabilities, fields as for \lquote Focus\rquote tab. \par }\pard\plain \s30\qj \li0\ri0\sb120\sa120\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10123166 \b\f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \lquote Presets\rquote Tab \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Has Presets }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera supports preset positions. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Num Presets }{\insrsid475446 \endash How many prese ts the camera supports. If the camera supports a huge number of presets then it makes sense to specify a more reasonable number here, 20 or less is recommended. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Has Home Preset }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera has a defined \lquote home\rquote position, usually in the mid point of its range. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 Can Set Presets }{\insrsid475446 \endash The camera supports setting preset locations via its control protocol. \par {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901721}{\listtext\pard\plain\s2 \b\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 9.2.\tab}}\pard\plain \s2\ql \fi-432\li435\ri0\sb240\sa120\keepn\nowidctlpar \tx723\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\ilvl1\outlinelevel1\rin0\lin435\itap0\pararsid3617542 \b\f1\fs24\ul\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 Control Scripts{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901721} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3617542 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446\charrsid3617542 The second key element to controlling cameras with ZoneMinder is ensuring that an appropriate control script or application is present. A small num ber of sample scripts are included with ZoneMinder and can be used directly or as the basis for development. Control scripts are run atomically, that is to say that one requested action from the web interface results in one execution of the script and no state information is maintained. If your protocol requires state information to be preserved then you should ensure that your scripts do this as ZoneMinder has no concept of the state of the camera in control terms. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you are writing a new control script t hen you need to ensure that it supports the parameters that ZoneMinder will pass to it. If you already have scripts or applications that control your cameras, the ZoneMinder control script will just act as glue to convert the parameters passed into a form that your existing application understands. If you are writing a script to support a new protocol then you will need to convert the parameters passed into the script to equivalent protocol commands. If you have carefully defined your control capabilities above then you should only expect commands that correspond to those capabilities. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The standard set of parameters passed to control scripts is defined below, \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 --device= }{\insrsid475446 \endash This is the control device from the monitor definition. Absent if no device is specified. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa60\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 --address=
}{\insrsid475446 \endash This is the control address from the monitor definition. This will usually be a hostname or ip address for network cameras or a simple numeric camera id for other cameras. \par }{\b\insrsid475446\charrsid12272316 --autostop= }{\insrsid475446 \endash This indicates whether an automatic timeout should be applied to \lquote stop\rquote the given command. It will only be included for \lquote continuous\rquote commands, as listed below, and will be a timeout in decimal seconds, probably fractional. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 --command= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies the command that the script should execute. Valid commands are given below. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 --xcoord=, --ycoord= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies the x and/or y coordinates for commands which require them. These will normally be absolute or mapped commands. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 --width=, --height= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies the width and height of the current image, for mapped motion commands where the coordinates values passed must have a context. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 --speed= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies the speed that the command should use, if appropriate. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 --panspeed=, --tiltspeed= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This indicates the specific pan and tilt speeds for diagonal movements which may allow a different motion rate for horizontal and vertical components. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 --step= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies the amount of motion that the command should use, if appropriate. Norm ally used for relative commands only. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 --panstep=, --tiltstep= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This indicates the specific pan and tilt steps for diagonal movements which may allow a different amount of motion for horizontal and vertical components. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 --preset= \endash }{\insrsid475446 This specifies the particular preset that relevant commands should operate on. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The \lquote command\rquote option listed above may take one of the following commands as a parameter. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 wake \endash }{\insrsid475446 Wake the camera. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 sleep \endash }{\insrsid475446 Send the camera to sleep. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 reset}{\insrsid475446 \endash Reset the camera. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 move_map }{\insrsid475446 \endash Move mapped to a specified location on the image. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 move_pseudo_map}{\insrsid475446 \endash As move_map above. Pseudo-mapped motion can be used when mapped motion is not supported but relative motion is in which case mapped motion can be roughly approximated by careful calibration. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 move_abs_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Move to a specified absolute location. The direction element gives a hint to the direction to go but can be omitted. If present it will be one of \lquote up\rquote , \lquote down\rquote , \lquote left\rquote , \lquote right\rquote , \lquote upleft\rquote , \lquote upright\rquote , \lquote downleft\rquote or \lquote downright\rquote . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 move_rel_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Move a specified amount in the given direction. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 move_con_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Move continuously in the given direction until told to stop. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 move_stop }{\insrsid475446 \endash Stop any motion which may be in progress. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 zoom_abs_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Zoom to a specified absolut e zoom position. The direction element gives a hint to the direction to go but can be omitted. If present it will be one of \lquote tele\rquote or \lquote wide\rquote . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 zoom_rel_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Zoom a specified amount in the given direction. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 zoom_con_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Zoom continuously in the given direction until told to stop. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 zoom_stop }{\insrsid475446 \endash Stop any zooming which may be in progress. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 focus_auto }{\insrsid475446 \endash Set focusing to be automatic. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 focus_man }{\insrsid475446 \endash Set focusing to be manual. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 focus_abs_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Focus to a specified absolute focus position. The dire ction element gives a hint to the direction to go but can be omitted. If present it will be one of \lquote near\rquote or \lquote far\rquote . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 focus_rel_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Focus a specified amount in the given direction. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 focus_con_ }{\insrsid475446 \endash Focus continuously in the given direction until told to stop. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 focus_stop }{\insrsid475446 \endash Stop any focusing which may be in progress. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 white_ }{\insrsid475446 - As per the focus commands, except that direction may be \lquote in\rquote or \lquote out\rquote . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 iris_ }{\insrsid475446 - As per the focus commands, except that direction may be \lquote open\rquote or \lquote close\rquote . \par }\pard \s16\qj \li567\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin567\itap0 {\b\insrsid475446 preset_set }{\insrsid475446 \endash Set the given preset to the current location. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 preset_goto }{\insrsid475446 \endash Move to the given preset. \par }{\b\insrsid475446 preset_home }{\insrsid475446 \endash Move to the \lquote home\rquote preset. \par \par \par \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 10.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page {\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901722} Mobile Devices{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901722} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 ZoneMinder has always had a minimal WML (Wireless Markup Language) capability to allow it to function on mobile phones and similar devices. However as of 1.20.0 this is now deprecated and has been replaced with a new XHTML \endash Mobile Profile mode as well as the default HTML4. XHTML-MP is a small, and limited, version of XHTML intended for mobile devices and is based on XHTML Basic. It does not contain scripting or other dynamic elements and essentially is a subset of HTML as most people know it. \par The ZoneMinder XHTML-MP interface allows you to log into your installation via your phone or mobile dev ices and perform a limited number of tasks. These include viewing recent events, and monitoring live streams. However unlike the full interfaces these elements are presented as still images requiring manual refreshing. For now the XHTML-MP interface is pr esented as a prototype interface; rather than one offering full capabilities. As such, please feel free to make comments or offer suggestions via the forums on }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 HYPERLINK "http://www.zoneminder.com/" }{\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 {\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b3600000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e007a006f006e0065006d0069006e006400650072002e0063006f006d002f000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 http://www.zoneminder.com}}}{\insrsid475446 . \par As well as XHTML-MP, ideally I\rquote d like to be able to offer a WML2.0 interface. WML2.0 is a blending of WML1.3, which is traditional WAP, and XHTML. As such it offers the scripting that WML has traditionally included plus the better control of mark-up that is the realm of XHTML. Unfor tunately so far I\rquote m unaware of any devices that support WML2.0 even if they say they are WAP2 compliant, certainly I\rquote ve never had a phone that does. If you find out that a particular phone does support this then please let me know (or better still send me the phone!). \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 If you wish to use the XHTML-MP interface to ZoneMinder there is no extra configuration required to enable it per se. However ZoneMinder needs to be able to figure out what kind of content to deliver to particular browsers, so you have two cho ices. You can edit zm.php and include a definition that corresponds to your phone, describing a small number of basic capabilities, you will see a couple of examples already there, or you can use the comprehensive open source WURFL package available from }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 HYPERLINK "http://wurfl.sourceforge.net/" }{\cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 {\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b0200000003000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b3c00000068007400740070003a002f002f0077007500720066006c002e0073006f00750072006300650066006f007200670065002e006e00650074002f000000}}}{\fldrslt { \cs29\ul\cf2\insrsid475446\charrsid4615107 http://wurfl.sourceforge.net/}}}{\insrsid475446 . You will need to download both the WURFL php files and the wurfl.xml file itself. WURFL is a resource containing information on the capabilities of a huge number of mobile phones, devices and browsers. Thus once it has matched your phone it can determine various capabilities it may possess. This means that ZoneMinder itself only has to deal with these capabilities and not the individual phone types. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 To use WURFL you should install the php files in the same directory as ZoneMinder and then create a \lquote wurfl\rquote sub-directory and ensure it is readable and writeable (or preferably owned by) your web server user. You should put the wurfl.xml file in there. One other thing you may need to change, as the xml file is quite large, is the \lquote memory_limit\rquote setting in php.ini as the default setting of 8Mb may be too small. Once you\rquote ve done this you should find that your phone or device is recognised and if it can support XHTML-MP it will receive that i nterface. If your phone is very new, or you are using an old version of the XML file you might find that it is not present however. The WURFL library uses a caching strategy to avoid reloading the whole XML file each time so check if a sensible looking ca che file has been created in the \lquote wurfl\rquote sub-directory also check the wurfl.log in the same place. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 The WURFL is a third party application and as such I am unable to offer support directly for it. If you feel your device is missing or incorrectly represented please contact the authors via their own channels. If on the other hand you have any comments on ZoneMinder on your device specifically please let me know and I would be pleased to hear about it. \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 As support for cookies in mobile devices is patchy at best, the groups feature is not fully implemented in the XHTML-MP views. Instead if there is a group called \lquote Mobile\rquote already defined then that group will always be effective, if not then all monitors available to the logged in user will be visible, \par }\pard \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid475446 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\s1 \b\fs28\lang2057\langfe1033\loch\af1\hich\af1\dbch\af0\langfenp1033\insrsid475446 \hich\af1\dbch\af0\loch\f1 11.\tab}}\pard\plain \s1\ql \fi-454\li454\ri0\sb240\sa240\keepn\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\ls14\outlinelevel0\rin0\lin454\itap0\pararsid15794850 \b\f1\fs28\ulth\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid475446 \page }{\insrsid5185469 {\*\bkmkstart _Ref125898587}{\*\bkmkstart _Toc125901723}Logging{\*\bkmkend _Ref125898587}{\*\bkmkend _Toc125901723} \par }\pard\plain \s16\qj \li0\ri0\sa180\nowidctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5185469 \f1\fs20\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid5185469 Mo st components of ZoneMinder can emit informational, warning, error and debug messages in a standard format. These messages can be logged in one or more locations. By default all messages produced by scripts are logged in